BAKER, Arthur Robert
Service Numbers: | R553, 553, S65911 |
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Enlisted: | 24 August 1914, at Adelaide |
Last Rank: | Private |
Last Unit: | 3rd (NSW) Battalion Volunteer Defence Corps (VDC) |
Born: | Glenelg, South Australia, 6 June 1891 |
Home Town: | Glenelg, Holdfast Bay, South Australia |
Schooling: | Not yet discovered |
Occupation: | Market gardener |
Died: | Glenelg, South Australia, 28 March 1976, aged 84 years, cause of death not yet discovered |
Cemetery: |
Centennial Park Cemetery, South Australia |
Memorials: | Glenelg Uniting Church WW1 Honour Board, Glenelg and District WW1 & WW2 Honour Board, Marion District Roll of Honour WW1 |
World War 1 Service
24 Aug 1914: | Enlisted AIF WW1, Sergeant, R553, 10th Infantry Battalion, at Adelaide | |
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20 Oct 1914: | Involvement AIF WW1, Private, 553, 10th Infantry Battalion, --- :embarkation_roll: roll_number: '10' embarkation_place: Adelaide embarkation_ship: HMAT Ascanius embarkation_ship_number: A11 public_note: '' | |
25 Apr 1915: | Involvement AIF WW1, Lance Corporal, 553, 10th Infantry Battalion, ANZAC / Gallipoli | |
28 Apr 1915: | Promoted AIF WW1, Corporal, 10th Infantry Battalion | |
1 Jul 1915: | Promoted AIF WW1, Sergeant, 10th Infantry Battalion | |
27 Jun 1916: | Involvement Sergeant, R553, 10th Infantry Battalion, --- :embarkation_roll: roll_number: '10' embarkation_place: Melbourne embarkation_ship: HMAT Barambah embarkation_ship_number: A37 public_note: '' | |
19 Oct 1916: | Transferred AIF WW1, Sergeant, 48th Infantry Battalion | |
9 Mar 1917: | Promoted AIF WW1, Regimental Sergeant Major, 48th Infantry Battalion | |
15 Mar 1917: | Wounded AIF WW1, Regimental Sergeant Major, 553, 48th Infantry Battalion, GSW right hand | |
5 Dec 1918: | Honoured Distinguished Conduct Medal, The Battle of Amiens, For conspicuous gallantry and devotion to duty. This warrant officer kept well in front, guiding and controlling the advance, and although twice wounded, collected his men and led them round the safest way. Later, he collected and detonated enemy bombs and placed them in dumps, a task which was carried out at great personal risk. He was of the greatest assistance in consolidating the line. | |
6 Oct 1919: | Discharged AIF WW1, Warrant Officer Class 1, 553, 48th Infantry Battalion |
World War 2 Service
29 Mar 1942: | Involvement S65911 | |
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29 Mar 1942: | Enlisted Australian Military Forces (WW2) , Private, S65911, 3rd (NSW) Battalion Volunteer Defence Corps (VDC) | |
29 Mar 1942: | Enlisted Glenelg, SA | |
12 Aug 1944: | Discharged Australian Military Forces (WW2) , Private, S65911, 3rd (NSW) Battalion Volunteer Defence Corps (VDC) | |
12 Aug 1944: | Discharged |
World War 1 Service
Date unknown: | Involvement Regimental Sergeant Major, 553, 48th Infantry Battalion |
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Biography
Arthur was born on 6th June, 1891 the eldest of five children to Margaret ( nee O'Connor & known as Maggie ) and Robert Baker
Margaret and Robert's second son Edwin died in 1893 aged seven months, whilst their youngest child Edgar died in May 1916 aged fourteen, three months before their second youngest child Horace was killed in action in France. In contrast, his only sister Irene lived to eighty three years of age passing away in 1977.
Arthur's grandfather, Henry & his three brothers migrated from Durham, England in 1840 aboard the sailing ship Diadem and each had purchased 20 acre blocks of land in New Glenelg SA, where they established market gardens. The 20 acre blocks were subdivided into building allotments in 1927, but Arthur continued working the market gardens until 1942 when building works commenced. He retained two allotments, 30 and 32 Adelaide Rd ( now Oaklands Rd ) with his residence on one and grapevines and almond trees on the other and lived there until the early 70's when he moved to a unit at the Broadway, Glenelg.
In August 1914 at the age of 23 Arthur enlisted and as well as being a veteran of the ANZAC landing was a recipient of the Distinguished Conduct Medal during the Battle of Amiens. He was eventually discharged in October 1919 after serving for just over five years.
On the 4th March, 1916 Arthur married Kathleen ( known as May ) Davy and they had two sons, Horace Arthur and Jack. Kathleen died in 1951 aged sixty one.
From my personal memories of my grandfather, I'm sure he suffered from post traumatic stress, as following the war he virtually became a recluse on his property and had a significant drinking problem. Arthur was only 172cm tall and weighed in the vicinity of 120 kg and I remember at one stage we took him to the Repatriation hospital for treatment. They asked him to get on the scales which exceeded the maximum as they only went to eighteen stone ( 115kg ), so we had a good laugh about that with him. To top this off the staff took him in a wheelchair to the stores area to weigh him on the baggage scales. On his return he said things had only got more hilarious as he was wedged in the wheelchair and they had more issues getting him out to be weighed
The only day he would normally leave his premise was on a Thursday when he would catch a bus to the St Vincent Hotel ( now the Jetty Hotel ) in Moseley Square, Glenelg, to catch up with some old army mates for a chat and drink. He would then catch a bus to our family home at Hove for the regular Thursday roast, followed by a crib playing session with his son, our father, Horace. Later in the evening, Dad would drive him home. On several of these occasions as young children we would place a poo poo cushion under the cushion on grandpa's chair, but he never commented on it's discharge as we believe he wasn't sure whether he was responsible for the noise.
On one occasion in my late teens I was working in the vicinity of the St Vincent Hotel so decided to call and collect grandpa for our Thursday family catch up. He was obviously so excited to introduce me to his army mates and for me to have a drink with them that it has remained a special significant memory of him for me.
In his later years when he moved to the unit at the Broadway, Glenelg, getting around had become an issue, but in his typical fashion, he organised with a hotel around the corner that on pension day they deliver a regular order of alcohol, bring some change and he would hand over his pension cheque. Arthur died in 1976 aged 84.
Submitted 9 May 2020 by Robert Baker
Biography contributed by Glenunga International High School
The First World War lasted from 1914-18 and was very violent, with a slim chance of survival. During this time period, many battles were fought in trenches using powerful weapons against the enemy. As a result, heavy losses could not be avoided on or off the battlefield as the soldiers faced horrific conditions.
Arthur Robert Baker was born in Glenelg, South Australia in the year 1891 and his occupation before enlisting was a market gardener. At the age of 23 he decided to join the war and enlisted on the 25th of August 1914. His younger brother, Horace Frank Charles Baker enlisted shortly after on the 22nd of March 1915 at the age of 18. Arthur Robert Baker also had a wife but the exact date of their marriage was unknown. He was married to Kathleen Florence Mary Davy in the year 1916 who later on, became his next of kin.
Arthur Robert Baker embarked from Adelaide, South Australia on the 20th of October 1914. He travelled on board the transport ship Ascanius (A11) which carried 2038 men and women for service overseas and was fitted out for 12 horses. The unit that he served in was the 48th Battalion which recruited fresh reinforcements from Australia, and Gallipoli veterans from the 16th battalion. It is unknown where Arthur Robert Baker was located throughout the war but his battalion was raised in Egypt on the 16th of March 1916. Later that year, it was reported that his brother, who was part of the 10th Battalion was killed in action on the 22nd of August in France.
Later that year in the months of May and August, Arthur Robert Baker suffered from a gunshot wound in his right hand and was admitted at the Southwark Military Hospital. Fortunately, this was not life threatening as the report stated that he was ‘likely to be discharged within a few days.’ During the winter of 1917-18, the 48th like many other battalions, rotated in and out of the firing line. When the Germans launched their last greatest offensive during spring in 1918 it played a crucial part in blocking the main road into Amiens. The 48th battalion took part in the battle of Amiens between the 8th and the 10th of August and the battle to seize Hindenburg “outpost line” between the 18th and 20th of September, when the allies launched their own offensive. This was the 48th battalion's last battle of the war because on the 31st of March 1919 the unit disbanded.
After the war, Arthur Robert Baker returned to Australia on the 19th of June 1919. He was awarded the Distinguished Conduct Medal for his gallantry in the Battle of Amiens. He guided and controlled the advance even though he was wounded twice, collected his men and led them through the safest way. Arthur Robert Baker carried out at great personal risk by collecting and detonating enemy bombs. His last rank was a Warrant Officer Class 1 and also received the 1914-15 Star, British War Medal and Victory Medal.