Virtual
War Memorial
Australia

Australian born veteran died while on service with the British Army in India. He had previously served in the Royal Navy with the Australian Squadron, followed by two tours with the New South Wales Mounted Rifles on active service in South Africa during the Boer War - first as Sergeant, second as Lieutenant - then another period of service with the South African Constabulary before returning to Australia where he briefly disappeared due to memory loss⁣
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𝐂𝐡𝐚𝐫𝐥𝐞𝐬 𝐋𝐞𝐦𝐚 ‘𝐂𝐡𝐚𝐫𝐥𝐢𝐞’ 𝐁𝐫𝐚𝐮𝐧⁣
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Charlie was born on 13 May 1874 at Concord General Hospital in Five Dock, Sydney, New South Wales. He was the youngest of six children born to Benjamin Braun and Miriam Davies⁣
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Of Jewish heritage, Charlie’s ancestors hailed from Poznań, Kępno and Wieruszow in Poland, though his father was born in London⁣
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He was educated at Fort Street and Sydney Grammar Schools⁣
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𝐑𝐨𝐲𝐚𝐥 𝐍𝐚𝐯𝐲 𝐒𝐞𝐫𝐯𝐢𝐜𝐞 – At age 24, he enlisted in the Royal Navy, serving as Seaman, S/No. 356556 with the Australian Auxiliary Squadron and serve from 1 May 1898 to 26 December 1899, including on board the Torpedo Gunboat, HMS Karrakatta⁣
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𝐁𝐨𝐞𝐫 𝐖𝐚𝐫 𝐒𝐞𝐫𝐯𝐢𝐜𝐞: 𝐅𝐢𝐫𝐬𝐭 𝐍𝐒𝐖 𝐌𝐨𝐮𝐧𝐭𝐞𝐝 𝐑𝐢𝐟𝐥𝐞𝐬 - In January 1900, Charlie, who had been serving in as Sergeant in the 2nd NSW Infantry Regiment, volunteered for service in South Africa. He was allocated as S/No. 153 and appointed Sergeant with First New South Wales Mounted Rifles, C Squadron⁣
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𝐌𝐞𝐧𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧𝐞𝐝 𝐢𝐧 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐉𝐞𝐰𝐢𝐬𝐡 𝐇𝐞𝐫𝐚𝐥𝐝 (𝐕𝐈𝐂) 𝟏𝟗 𝐉𝐚𝐧𝐮𝐚𝐫𝐲 𝟏𝟗𝟎𝟎 - “𝘚𝘰𝘮𝘦 𝘮𝘰𝘳𝘦 𝘰𝘧 𝘰𝘶𝘳 𝘣𝘰𝘺𝘴 𝘢𝘳𝘦 𝘨𝘰𝘪𝘯𝘨 𝘵𝘰 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘸𝘢𝘳. 𝘊𝘩𝘢𝘳𝘭𝘦𝘴 𝘓. 𝘉𝘳𝘢𝘶𝘯, 𝘭𝘢𝘵𝘦 𝘰𝘧 𝘏𝘔𝘚 𝘒𝘢𝘳𝘳𝘢𝘬𝘢𝘵𝘵𝘢, 𝘚𝘦𝘯𝘪𝘰𝘳-𝘚𝘦𝘳𝘨𝘦𝘢𝘯𝘵 𝘪𝘯 𝘵𝘩𝘦 2𝘯𝘥 𝘙𝘦𝘨𝘪𝘮𝘦𝘯𝘵, 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘩𝘰𝘯𝘰𝘳𝘢𝘳𝘺 𝘪𝘯𝘴𝘵𝘳𝘶𝘤𝘵𝘰𝘳 𝘰𝘧 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘓𝘪𝘧𝘦 𝘚𝘢𝘷𝘪𝘯𝘨 𝘚𝘰𝘤𝘪𝘦𝘵𝘺, 𝘸𝘩𝘰 𝘱𝘢𝘴𝘴𝘦𝘥 𝘸𝘪𝘵𝘩 𝘩𝘰𝘯𝘰𝘶𝘳𝘴 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘢 𝘣𝘳𝘰𝘯𝘻𝘦 𝘮𝘦𝘥𝘢𝘭, 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘦𝘹𝘢𝘮𝘪𝘯𝘢𝘵𝘪𝘰𝘯 𝘧𝘰𝘳 𝘍𝘪𝘳𝘴𝘵 𝘈𝘪𝘥, 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘮𝘢𝘥𝘦 𝘵𝘰𝘱 𝘴𝘤𝘰𝘳𝘦 𝘰𝘶𝘵 𝘰𝘧 400 𝘮𝘦𝘯 𝘪𝘯 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘴𝘩𝘰𝘰𝘵𝘪𝘯𝘨 𝘵𝘦𝘴𝘵, 𝘸𝘢𝘴 𝘳𝘦𝘤𝘰𝘮𝘮𝘦𝘯𝘥𝘦𝘥 𝘢𝘴 𝘚𝘦𝘳𝘨𝘦𝘢𝘯𝘵 𝘧𝘰𝘳 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘚𝘦𝘤𝘰𝘯𝘥 𝘊𝘰𝘯𝘵𝘪𝘯𝘨𝘦𝘯𝘵, 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘭𝘦𝘧𝘵 𝘰𝘯 𝘞𝘦𝘥𝘯𝘦𝘴𝘥𝘢𝘺 𝘣𝘺 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘵𝘳𝘢𝘯𝘴𝘱𝘰𝘳𝘵 𝘚𝘰𝘶𝘵𝘩𝘦𝘳𝘯 𝘊𝘳𝘰𝘴𝘴 𝘧𝘰𝘳 𝘊𝘢𝘱𝘦 𝘛𝘰𝘸𝘯 - 𝘩𝘪𝘴 𝘣𝘳𝘰𝘵𝘩𝘦𝘳, 𝘗𝘳𝘪𝘷𝘢𝘵𝘦 𝘉𝘦𝘯𝘫𝘢𝘮𝘪𝘯 𝘏. 𝘉𝘳𝘢𝘶𝘯, 𝘢𝘤𝘤𝘰𝘮𝘱𝘢𝘯𝘪𝘦𝘥 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘍𝘪𝘳𝘴𝘵 𝘊𝘰𝘯𝘵𝘪𝘯𝘨𝘦𝘯𝘵”⁣
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They embarked for South Africa on board the transport, Southern Cross on 17 January 1900 and arrived at Cape Town a month later, going on to serve in South Africa for just over a year, during which time it served in the Orange Free State, the Transvaal, and in western parts of the Cape Colony⁣
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Upon arriving, the Regiment became part of Le Gallais’s Brigade, which was part of Lord Robert’s main column. In March the Regiment participated in the advance from Modder River to Bloemfontein and Le Gallais’s brigade took up a position near Brandfort - the Regiment absorbed A Squadron in the same month, the 1st West Australian Mounted Infantry the next month, and then E Squadron in May⁣
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Thus strengthened, the Regiment severed with General Hutton’s force, participating in the general advance to Pretoria, moving from Bloemfontein to Kroonstadt. It then became part of De Lisle’s Column, Ridley’s Brigade, which was part of General Ian Hamilton’s force, advancing from Kronnstadt to Pretoria⁣
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**𝐍𝐨𝐭𝐞𝐝 𝐢𝐧 𝐚 𝐥𝐞𝐭𝐭𝐞𝐫 𝐰𝐫𝐢𝐭𝐭𝐞𝐧 𝐛𝐲 𝐋𝐂𝐏𝐋 𝐌. 𝐅. 𝐂𝐨𝐥𝐥𝐢𝐧𝐬 𝐨𝐟 𝐂 𝐒𝐪𝐮𝐚𝐝𝐫𝐨𝐧 - “𝘊𝘩𝘢𝘳𝘭𝘪𝘦 𝘉𝘳𝘢𝘶𝘯 𝘩𝘢𝘥 𝘢 𝘣𝘢𝘥 𝘧𝘢𝘭𝘭, 𝘸𝘩𝘪𝘤𝘩 𝘬𝘯𝘰𝘤𝘬𝘦𝘥 𝘩𝘪𝘮 𝘴𝘪𝘭𝘭𝘺 𝘧𝘰𝘳 𝘢 𝘸𝘩𝘪𝘭𝘦. 𝘖𝘶𝘳 𝘓𝘪𝘦𝘶𝘵𝘦𝘯𝘢𝘯𝘵 𝘸𝘦𝘯𝘵 𝘢𝘸𝘢𝘺 𝘸𝘪𝘵𝘩 𝘉 𝘊𝘰𝘮𝘱𝘢𝘯𝘺; 𝘣𝘶𝘵 𝘸𝘪𝘭𝘭 𝘮𝘦𝘦𝘵 𝘶𝘴 𝘢𝘵 𝘰𝘶𝘳 𝘥𝘦𝘴𝘵𝘪𝘯𝘢𝘵𝘪𝘰𝘯 𝘪𝘯 𝘢 𝘧𝘦𝘸 𝘥𝘢𝘺𝘴. 𝘐 𝘢𝘮 𝘨𝘭𝘢𝘥 𝘩𝘦 𝘪𝘴 𝘯𝘰𝘵 𝘭𝘦𝘢𝘷𝘪𝘯𝘨 𝘶𝘴 𝘧𝘰𝘳 𝘨𝘰𝘰𝘥, 𝘢𝘴 𝘩𝘦 𝘪𝘴 𝘸𝘦𝘭𝘭 𝘭𝘪𝘬𝘦𝘥 𝘣𝘺 𝘢𝘭𝘭 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘋𝘪𝘷𝘪𝘴𝘪𝘰𝘯. 𝘊𝘩𝘢𝘳𝘭𝘪𝘦 𝘉𝘳𝘢𝘶𝘯 𝘸𝘪𝘭𝘭 𝘵𝘢𝘬𝘦 𝘤𝘩𝘢𝘳𝘨𝘦 𝘪𝘯 𝘩𝘪𝘴 𝘢𝘣𝘴𝘦𝘯𝘤𝘦, 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘐 𝘸𝘪𝘭𝘭 𝘣𝘦 𝘵𝘩𝘪𝘳𝘥 𝘪𝘯 𝘤𝘰𝘮𝘮𝘢𝘯𝘥”⁣
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The principle engagements in which the unit was engaged were:⁣
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**𝐍𝐨𝐭𝐞𝐝 𝐢𝐧 𝐚 𝐥𝐞𝐭𝐭𝐞𝐫 𝐰𝐫𝐢𝐭𝐭𝐞𝐧 𝐛𝐲 𝐋𝐂𝐏𝐋 𝐌. 𝐅. 𝐂𝐨𝐥𝐥𝐢𝐧𝐬 𝐮𝐧𝐝𝐞𝐫 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐝𝐚𝐭𝐞 𝐨𝐟 𝟔 𝐌𝐚𝐫𝐜𝐡 - “𝘙𝘦𝘨𝘪𝘮𝘦𝘯𝘵 𝘮𝘰𝘶𝘯𝘵𝘦𝘥 𝘳𝘦𝘢𝘥𝘺 𝘧𝘰𝘳 𝘢𝘤𝘵𝘪𝘰𝘯; 150 𝘳𝘰𝘶𝘯𝘥𝘴 𝘰𝘧 𝘢𝘮𝘮𝘶𝘯𝘪𝘵𝘪𝘰𝘯 𝘦𝘢𝘤𝘩. 𝘎𝘢𝘭𝘭𝘰𝘱𝘦𝘥 𝘰𝘶𝘵 𝘪𝘯 𝘦𝘹𝘵𝘦𝘯𝘥𝘦𝘥 𝘰𝘳𝘥𝘦𝘳 𝘢𝘣𝘰𝘶𝘵 𝘧𝘰𝘶𝘳 𝘮𝘪𝘭𝘦𝘴 𝘭𝘰𝘯𝘨. 𝘉𝘰𝘦𝘳𝘴 𝘷𝘦𝘳𝘺 𝘤𝘭𝘰𝘴𝘦 𝘢𝘵 𝘩𝘢𝘯𝘥; 𝘤𝘰𝘶𝘭𝘥 𝘣𝘦 𝘴𝘦𝘦𝘯 𝘸𝘪𝘵𝘩 𝘯𝘢𝘬𝘦𝘥 𝘦𝘺𝘦. 𝘕𝘰. 1 𝘋𝘪𝘷𝘪𝘴𝘪𝘰𝘯 𝘸𝘦𝘳𝘦 𝘴𝘤𝘰𝘶𝘵𝘪𝘯𝘨, 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘴𝘩𝘰𝘶𝘭𝘥 𝘩𝘢𝘷𝘦 𝘬𝘦𝘱𝘵 𝘪𝘯 𝘴𝘪𝘨𝘩𝘵 𝘰𝘧 3 𝘢𝘯𝘥 4. 𝘖𝘶𝘳 𝘋𝘪𝘷𝘪𝘴𝘪𝘰𝘯 (2) 𝘸𝘦𝘳𝘦 𝘴𝘶𝘱𝘱𝘰𝘳𝘵𝘪𝘯𝘨 𝘕𝘰. 1, 𝘸𝘩𝘪𝘤𝘩 𝘭𝘢𝘵𝘵𝘦𝘳 𝘭𝘰𝘴𝘵 𝘴𝘪𝘨𝘩𝘵 𝘰𝘧 3 𝘢𝘯𝘥 4. 𝘊𝘰𝘯𝘴𝘦𝘲𝘶𝘦𝘯𝘵𝘭𝘺 𝘸𝘦 𝘸𝘦𝘳𝘦 𝘭𝘦𝘧𝘵 𝘰𝘯 𝘰𝘶𝘳 𝘰𝘸𝘯, 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘮𝘪𝘨𝘩𝘵 𝘩𝘢𝘷𝘦 𝘣𝘦𝘦𝘯 𝘤𝘶𝘵 𝘰𝘧𝘧 𝘧𝘳𝘰𝘮 𝘰𝘶𝘳 𝘊𝘰𝘮𝘱𝘢𝘯𝘺. 𝘐 𝘸𝘢𝘴 𝘴𝘦𝘯𝘵 𝘰𝘶𝘵 𝘸𝘪𝘵𝘩 𝘢 𝘗𝘳𝘪𝘷𝘢𝘵𝘦 𝘵𝘰 𝘱𝘪𝘤𝘬 𝘶𝘱 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘵𝘳𝘢𝘤𝘬𝘴 𝘰𝘧 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘳𝘦𝘴𝘵 𝘰𝘧 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘊𝘰𝘮𝘱𝘢𝘯𝘺, 𝘸𝘩𝘪𝘤𝘩 𝘵𝘳𝘢𝘤𝘬𝘴 𝘸𝘦 𝘧𝘰𝘶𝘯𝘥 𝘢𝘧𝘵𝘦𝘳 𝘢𝘯 𝘩𝘰𝘶𝘳'𝘴 𝘳𝘪𝘥𝘦. 𝘐 𝘵𝘩𝘦𝘯 𝘭𝘦𝘧𝘵 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘮𝘢𝘯 𝘵𝘰 𝘧𝘰𝘭𝘭𝘰𝘸 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘵𝘳𝘢𝘤𝘬𝘴, 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘐 𝘸𝘦𝘯𝘵 𝘰𝘯 𝘵𝘰 𝘧𝘪𝘯𝘥 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘵𝘳𝘢𝘯𝘴𝘱𝘰𝘳𝘵. 𝘖𝘯 𝘳𝘪𝘥𝘪𝘯𝘨 𝘢 𝘧𝘦𝘸 𝘮𝘪𝘭𝘦𝘴 𝘧𝘶𝘳𝘵𝘩𝘦𝘳 𝘐 𝘮𝘦𝘵 𝘵𝘸𝘰 𝘰𝘧 𝘰𝘶𝘳 𝘮𝘦𝘯 𝘸𝘪𝘵𝘩 𝘸𝘰𝘶𝘯𝘥𝘦𝘥 𝘩𝘰𝘳𝘴𝘦𝘴, 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘵𝘩𝘦𝘺 𝘪𝘯𝘧𝘰𝘳𝘮𝘦𝘥 𝘮𝘦 𝘵𝘩𝘢𝘵 𝘰𝘶𝘳 𝘊𝘰𝘮𝘱𝘢𝘯𝘺 𝘸𝘢𝘴 𝘪𝘯 𝘢𝘤𝘵𝘪𝘰𝘯 [𝘢𝘵 𝘉𝘳𝘢𝘯𝘥𝘵 𝘝𝘢𝘭𝘭𝘦𝘺] 𝘢𝘣𝘰𝘶𝘵 𝘵𝘩𝘳𝘦𝘦 𝘮𝘪𝘭𝘦𝘴 𝘰𝘧𝘧. 𝘐 𝘨𝘢𝘭𝘭𝘰𝘱𝘦𝘥 𝘰𝘯 𝘵𝘰 𝘳𝘦𝘱𝘰𝘳𝘵 𝘵𝘰 𝘮𝘺 𝘭𝘪𝘦𝘶𝘵𝘦𝘯𝘢𝘯𝘵, 𝘸𝘩𝘦𝘯, 𝘵𝘰 𝘮𝘺 𝘴𝘶𝘳𝘱𝘳𝘪𝘴𝘦, 𝘩𝘦 𝘩𝘢𝘥 𝘵𝘢𝘬𝘦𝘯 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘋𝘪𝘷𝘪𝘴𝘪𝘰𝘯 𝘣𝘢𝘤𝘬 𝘵𝘰 𝘤𝘢𝘮𝘱, 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘭𝘦𝘧𝘵 𝘮𝘦 𝘸𝘪𝘵𝘩 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘱𝘳𝘪𝘷𝘢𝘵𝘦 𝘰𝘯 𝘰𝘶𝘳 𝘰𝘸𝘯. 𝘖𝘯 𝘳𝘦𝘢𝘤𝘩𝘪𝘯𝘨 𝘤𝘢𝘮𝘱 𝘐 𝘢𝘨𝘢𝘪𝘯 𝘧𝘰𝘶𝘯𝘥 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘋𝘪𝘷𝘪𝘴𝘪𝘰𝘯 𝘩𝘢𝘥 𝘨𝘢𝘭𝘭𝘰𝘱𝘦𝘥 𝘢𝘸𝘢𝘺 𝘵𝘰 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘳𝘦𝘭𝘪𝘦𝘧 𝘰𝘧 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘳𝘦𝘴𝘵 𝘰𝘧 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘊𝘰𝘮𝘱𝘢𝘯𝘺 𝘩𝘢𝘭𝘧 𝘢𝘯 𝘩𝘰𝘶𝘳 𝘣𝘦𝘧𝘰𝘳𝘦 𝘐 𝘢𝘳𝘳𝘪𝘷𝘦𝘥. 𝘔𝘺 𝘩𝘰𝘳𝘴𝘦 𝘸𝘢𝘴 𝘬𝘯𝘰𝘤𝘬𝘦𝘥 𝘶𝘱, 𝘴𝘰 𝘐 𝘤𝘢𝘮𝘱𝘦𝘥 𝘰𝘯 𝘮𝘺 𝘰𝘸𝘯, 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘰𝘵𝘩𝘦𝘳 𝘮𝘢𝘯 𝘨𝘰𝘪𝘯𝘨 𝘰𝘯 𝘵𝘰 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘴𝘤𝘦𝘯𝘦 𝘰𝘧 𝘢𝘤𝘵𝘪𝘰𝘯; 𝘣𝘶𝘵 𝘐 𝘧𝘰𝘶𝘯𝘥 𝘰𝘶𝘵 𝘵𝘩𝘢𝘵 𝘩𝘦 𝘮𝘪𝘴𝘴𝘦𝘥 𝘵𝘩𝘦𝘮, 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘩𝘢𝘥 𝘵𝘰 𝘤𝘢𝘮𝘱 𝘪𝘯 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘣𝘶𝘴𝘩 - 𝘚𝘦𝘳𝘨𝘦𝘢𝘯𝘵 𝘉𝘳𝘢𝘶𝘯 𝘣𝘦𝘪𝘯𝘨 𝘸𝘪𝘵𝘩 𝘩𝘪𝘮”⁣
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Poplar Grove 7 March 1900⁣
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**𝐍𝐨𝐭𝐞𝐝 𝐢𝐧 𝐚 𝐥𝐞𝐭𝐭𝐞𝐫 𝐰𝐫𝐢𝐭𝐭𝐞𝐧 𝐛𝐲 𝐋𝐂𝐏𝐋 𝐌. 𝐅. 𝐂𝐨𝐥𝐥𝐢𝐧𝐬 𝐮𝐧𝐝𝐞𝐫 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐝𝐚𝐭𝐞 𝐨𝐟 𝟖 𝐌𝐚𝐫𝐜𝐡 - “𝘔𝘢𝘳𝘤𝘩𝘦𝘥 𝘵𝘰 𝘗𝘰𝘱𝘭𝘢𝘳 𝘎𝘳𝘰𝘷𝘦 𝘍𝘢𝘳𝘮 𝘸𝘪𝘵𝘩 𝘢𝘣𝘰𝘶𝘵 30,000 𝘵𝘳𝘰𝘰𝘱𝘴. 𝘊𝘰𝘶𝘭𝘥 𝘴𝘦𝘦 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘦𝘯𝘦𝘮𝘺 𝘳𝘦𝘵𝘳𝘦𝘢𝘵𝘪𝘯𝘨 𝘷𝘦𝘳𝘺 𝘧𝘢𝘴𝘵 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘪𝘯 𝘨𝘳𝘦𝘢𝘵 𝘯𝘶𝘮𝘣𝘦𝘳𝘴 𝘵𝘰𝘸𝘢𝘳𝘥𝘴 𝘉𝘭𝘰𝘦𝘮𝘧𝘰𝘯𝘵𝘦𝘪𝘯. 𝘞𝘦 𝘤𝘢𝘱𝘵𝘶𝘳𝘦𝘥 𝘢 𝘨𝘳𝘦𝘢𝘵 𝘲𝘶𝘢𝘯𝘵𝘪𝘵𝘺 𝘰𝘧 𝘧𝘰𝘥𝘥𝘦𝘳 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘢𝘮𝘮𝘶𝘯𝘪𝘵𝘪𝘰𝘯, 𝘸𝘩𝘪𝘤𝘩 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘦𝘯𝘦𝘮𝘺 𝘩𝘢𝘥 𝘭𝘦𝘧𝘵 𝘣𝘦𝘩𝘪𝘯𝘥 𝘪𝘯 𝘵𝘩𝘦𝘪𝘳 𝘩𝘶𝘳𝘳𝘺. 𝘗𝘢𝘴𝘴𝘦𝘥 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘱𝘭𝘢𝘤𝘦 𝘸𝘩𝘦𝘳𝘦 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘉𝘢𝘵𝘵𝘭𝘦 𝘰𝘧 𝘎𝘳𝘢𝘺𝘴𝘣𝘢𝘯𝘬 𝘸𝘢𝘴 𝘧𝘰𝘶𝘨𝘩𝘵, 𝘸𝘩𝘦𝘳𝘦 𝘓𝘪𝘦𝘶𝘵𝘦𝘯𝘢𝘯𝘵 𝘎𝘳𝘪𝘦𝘷𝘦 𝘸𝘢𝘴 𝘬𝘪𝘭𝘭𝘦𝘥. 𝘋𝘦𝘢𝘥 𝘩𝘰𝘳𝘴𝘦𝘴 𝘸𝘦𝘳𝘦 𝘵𝘩𝘦𝘳𝘦 𝘪𝘯 𝘩𝘶𝘯𝘥𝘳𝘦𝘥𝘴, 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘷𝘶𝘭𝘵𝘶𝘳𝘦𝘴 𝘪𝘯 𝘵𝘩𝘰𝘶𝘴𝘢𝘯𝘥𝘴”⁣
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Dreifontein 10 March 1900⁣
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**𝐍𝐨𝐭𝐞𝐝 𝐢𝐧 𝐚 𝐥𝐞𝐭𝐭𝐞𝐫 𝐰𝐫𝐢𝐭𝐭𝐞𝐧 𝐛𝐲 𝐋𝐂𝐏𝐋 𝐌. 𝐅. 𝐂𝐨𝐥𝐥𝐢𝐧𝐬 𝐮𝐧𝐝𝐞𝐫 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐝𝐚𝐭𝐞 𝐨𝐟 𝟏𝟎 𝐌𝐚𝐫𝐜𝐡 - "𝘌𝘯𝘦𝘮𝘺 𝘤𝘭𝘰𝘴𝘦 𝘢𝘵 𝘩𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘢𝘨𝘢𝘪𝘯, 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘦𝘯𝘨𝘢𝘨𝘦𝘥 𝘢𝘵 3.30. 𝘖𝘯𝘦 𝘮𝘢𝘯 𝘸𝘰𝘶𝘯𝘥𝘦𝘥 𝘪𝘯 𝘴𝘩𝘰𝘶𝘭𝘥𝘦𝘳, 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘢𝘯𝘰𝘵𝘩𝘦𝘳 𝘪𝘯 𝘢𝘳𝘮. 𝘞𝘩𝘪𝘭𝘦 𝘸𝘦 𝘸𝘦𝘳𝘦 𝘨𝘢𝘭𝘭𝘰𝘱𝘪𝘯𝘨 𝘪𝘯𝘵𝘰 𝘱𝘰𝘴𝘪𝘵𝘪𝘰𝘯 𝘢𝘯𝘰𝘵𝘩𝘦𝘳 𝘩𝘢𝘥 𝘩𝘪𝘴 𝘩𝘰𝘳𝘴𝘦 𝘴𝘩𝘰𝘵 𝘶𝘯𝘥𝘦𝘳 𝘩𝘪𝘮. 𝘛𝘩𝘦 𝘣𝘶𝘭𝘭𝘦𝘵𝘴 𝘸𝘦𝘳𝘦 𝘤𝘰𝘮𝘪𝘯𝘨 𝘱𝘳𝘦𝘵𝘵𝘺 𝘵𝘩𝘪𝘤𝘬 𝘰𝘷𝘦𝘳 𝘰𝘶𝘳 𝘩𝘦𝘢𝘥𝘴. 𝘛𝘩𝘦 𝘦𝘯𝘦𝘮𝘺 𝘸𝘢𝘴 𝘢𝘣𝘰𝘶𝘵 1600 𝘺𝘢𝘳𝘥𝘴' 𝘰𝘧𝘧; 𝘴𝘰 𝘸𝘦 𝘤𝘰𝘶𝘭𝘥 𝘯𝘰𝘵 𝘴𝘦𝘦 𝘮𝘶𝘤𝘩 𝘰𝘧 𝘵𝘩𝘦𝘮. 𝘗𝘰𝘮-𝘱𝘰𝘮 𝘴𝘩𝘦𝘭𝘭𝘴 𝘸𝘦𝘳𝘦 𝘣𝘶𝘳𝘴𝘵𝘪𝘯𝘨 𝘢𝘳𝘰𝘶𝘯𝘥 𝘶𝘴. 𝘛𝘩𝘦𝘴𝘦 𝘴𝘩𝘦𝘭𝘭𝘴 𝘢𝘳𝘦 𝘭𝘰𝘢𝘥𝘦𝘥 𝘸𝘪𝘵𝘩 𝘣𝘶𝘭𝘭𝘦𝘵𝘴 - 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘦𝘹𝘱𝘭𝘰𝘥𝘦 𝘭𝘪𝘬𝘦, 𝘢 𝘣𝘰𝘥𝘺 𝘰𝘧 𝘮𝘦𝘯 𝘧𝘪𝘳𝘪𝘯𝘨 𝘪𝘯𝘥𝘦𝘱𝘦𝘯𝘥𝘦𝘯𝘵𝘭𝘺, 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘢𝘳𝘦 𝘷𝘦𝘳𝘺 𝘥𝘢𝘯𝘨𝘦𝘳𝘰𝘶𝘴. 𝘐 𝘤𝘢𝘯 𝘢𝘴𝘴𝘶𝘳𝘦 𝘺𝘰𝘶 𝘪𝘵 𝘸𝘢𝘴 𝘭𝘪𝘷𝘦𝘭𝘺 𝘸𝘩𝘪𝘭𝘦 𝘪𝘵 𝘭𝘢𝘴𝘵𝘦𝘥. 𝘍𝘪𝘷𝘦 𝘰𝘧 𝘰𝘶𝘳 𝘮𝘦𝘯 𝘸𝘦𝘳𝘦 𝘸𝘰𝘶𝘯𝘥𝘦𝘥, 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘰𝘯𝘦 𝘮𝘰𝘶𝘯𝘵𝘦𝘥 𝘳𝘪𝘧𝘭𝘦𝘮𝘦𝘯 𝘬𝘪𝘭𝘭𝘦𝘥. 𝘞𝘦 𝘩𝘢𝘥 𝘢𝘳𝘵𝘪𝘭𝘭𝘦𝘳𝘺 𝘧𝘪𝘳𝘪𝘯𝘨 𝘰𝘯 𝘵𝘩𝘦𝘮 𝘢𝘭𝘭 𝘵𝘩𝘦. 𝘵𝘪𝘮𝘦 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘺𝘰𝘶 𝘤𝘰𝘶𝘭𝘥 𝘴𝘦𝘦 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘴𝘩𝘦𝘭𝘭𝘴 𝘣𝘶𝘳𝘴𝘵𝘪𝘯𝘨 𝘦𝘷𝘦𝘳𝘺𝘸𝘩𝘦𝘳𝘦. 𝘈𝘵 𝘭𝘢𝘴𝘵 𝘸𝘦 𝘥𝘳𝘰𝘷𝘦 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘦𝘯𝘦𝘮𝘺 𝘧𝘳𝘰𝘮 𝘶𝘯𝘥𝘦𝘳 𝘤𝘰𝘷𝘦𝘳, 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘨𝘢𝘷𝘦 𝘪𝘵 𝘵𝘰 𝘵𝘩𝘦𝘮 𝘸𝘩𝘦𝘯 𝘵𝘩𝘦𝘺 𝘳𝘦𝘵𝘳𝘦𝘢𝘵𝘦𝘥. 𝘈𝘵𝘵𝘢𝘤𝘩𝘦𝘥 𝘯𝘰𝘸 𝘵𝘰 𝘓𝘰𝘳𝘥 𝘙𝘰𝘣𝘦𝘳𝘵𝘴’𝘴 𝘤𝘰𝘭𝘶𝘮𝘯. 𝘊𝘰𝘶𝘭𝘥 𝘯𝘰𝘵 𝘧𝘪𝘯𝘥 𝘮𝘢𝘪𝘯 𝘤𝘢𝘮𝘱: 𝘴𝘰 𝘢𝘭𝘭 𝘴𝘭𝘦𝘱𝘵 𝘰𝘶𝘵. 𝘍𝘰𝘶𝘯𝘥 𝘤𝘢𝘮𝘱 𝘰𝘯 𝘮𝘰𝘳𝘯𝘪𝘯𝘨 𝘰𝘧 11𝘵𝘩, 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘦𝘢𝘤𝘩 𝘮𝘢𝘯 𝘩𝘢𝘥 𝘵𝘰 𝘤𝘰𝘰𝘬 𝘩𝘪𝘴 𝘰𝘸𝘯 𝘣𝘳𝘦𝘢𝘬𝘧𝘢𝘴𝘵 𝘰𝘧 𝘴𝘵𝘦𝘢𝘬 𝘰𝘯 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘤𝘰𝘢𝘭𝘴. 𝘞𝘦 𝘵𝘩𝘦𝘯 𝘮𝘢𝘳𝘤𝘩𝘦𝘥 𝘧𝘪𝘧𝘵𝘦𝘦𝘯 𝘮𝘪𝘭𝘦𝘴 𝘵𝘰 𝘳𝘦𝘫𝘰𝘪𝘯 𝘓𝘰𝘳𝘥 𝘙𝘰𝘣𝘦𝘳𝘵’𝘴”⁣
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Bloemfontein 14 March 1900⁣
Karee Siding 29 March 1900⁣
⁣
𝐋𝐞𝐭𝐭𝐞𝐫𝐬 𝐅𝐫𝐨𝐦 𝐓𝐡𝐞 𝐅𝐫𝐨𝐧𝐭 (𝐩𝐮𝐛𝐥𝐢𝐬𝐡𝐞𝐝 𝐢𝐧 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐒𝐲𝐝𝐧𝐞𝐲 𝐄𝐯𝐞𝐧𝐢𝐧𝐠 𝐍𝐞𝐰𝐬 𝟐𝟔 𝐌𝐚𝐲 𝟏𝟗𝟎𝟎) - 𝐎𝐧𝐞 𝐟𝐫𝐨𝐦 𝐒𝐞𝐫𝐠𝐞𝐚𝐧𝐭 𝐂. 𝐁𝐫𝐚𝐮𝐧 𝐰𝐫𝐢𝐭𝐢𝐧𝐠 𝐟𝐫𝐨𝐦 𝐊𝐚𝐫𝐞𝐞 𝐊𝐥𝐨𝐨𝐟, 𝐛𝐞𝐭𝐰𝐞𝐞𝐧 𝐋𝐚𝐝𝐲𝐛𝐫𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐁𝐫𝐚𝐧𝐝𝐟𝐨𝐫𝐭 𝐨𝐧 𝟑 𝐀𝐩𝐫𝐢𝐥, 𝐭𝐨 𝐡𝐢𝐬 𝐟𝐚𝐭𝐡𝐞𝐫 𝐢𝐧 𝐒𝐲𝐝𝐧𝐞𝐲 - “𝘐 𝘴𝘶𝘱𝘱𝘰𝘴𝘦 𝘺𝘰𝘶 𝘩𝘢𝘷𝘦 𝘩𝘢𝘥 𝘢𝘭𝘭 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘤𝘢𝘣𝘭𝘦𝘴 𝘢𝘣𝘰𝘶𝘵 𝘰𝘶𝘳 𝘭𝘢𝘴𝘵 𝘦𝘯𝘨𝘢𝘨𝘦𝘮𝘦𝘯𝘵. 𝘐 𝘥𝘰𝘯'𝘵 𝘬𝘯𝘰𝘸 𝘸𝘩𝘢𝘵 𝘣𝘢𝘵𝘵𝘭𝘦 𝘪𝘵 𝘪𝘴 𝘤𝘢𝘭𝘭𝘦𝘥 [𝘒𝘢𝘳𝘦𝘦 𝘚𝘪𝘥𝘪𝘯𝘨]. 𝘞𝘦 𝘥𝘰𝘯’𝘵 𝘩𝘦𝘢𝘳 𝘢𝘯𝘺 𝘯𝘦𝘸𝘴 𝘰𝘧 𝘰𝘵𝘩𝘦𝘳 𝘧𝘰𝘳𝘤𝘦𝘴 𝘵𝘢𝘬𝘪𝘯𝘨 𝘱𝘢𝘳𝘵 𝘸𝘪𝘵𝘩 𝘶𝘴, 𝘰𝘳 𝘯𝘢𝘮𝘦𝘴 𝘰𝘧 𝘱𝘭𝘢𝘤𝘦𝘴, 𝘶𝘯𝘵𝘪𝘭 𝘴𝘰𝘮𝘦𝘵𝘪𝘮𝘦 𝘢𝘧𝘵𝘦𝘳. 𝘞𝘦 𝘩𝘢𝘥 𝘢 𝘷𝘦𝘳𝘺 𝘸𝘢𝘳𝘮 𝘵𝘪𝘮𝘦, 𝘢𝘯𝘢 𝘪𝘵 𝘪𝘴 𝘢 𝘮𝘪𝘳𝘢𝘤𝘭𝘦 𝘵𝘩𝘢𝘵 𝘸𝘦 𝘩𝘢𝘥 𝘯𝘰 𝘤𝘢𝘴𝘶𝘢𝘭𝘵𝘪𝘦𝘴, 𝘤𝘰𝘯𝘴𝘪𝘥𝘦𝘳𝘪𝘯𝘨 𝘵𝘩𝘢𝘵 𝘸𝘦 𝘸𝘦𝘳𝘦 𝘶𝘯𝘥𝘦𝘳 𝘧𝘪𝘳𝘦 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘨𝘳𝘦𝘢𝘵𝘦𝘳 𝘱𝘢𝘳𝘵 𝘰𝘧 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘥𝘢𝘺. 𝘐𝘯 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘢𝘧𝘵𝘦𝘳𝘯𝘰𝘰𝘯, 𝘢 𝘝𝘪𝘤𝘬𝘦𝘳𝘴-𝘔𝘢𝘹𝘪𝘮 𝘨𝘶𝘯, 𝘰𝘳 𝘱𝘰𝘮-𝘱𝘰𝘮, 𝘸𝘢𝘴 𝘢𝘵𝘵𝘢𝘤𝘩𝘦𝘥 𝘵𝘰 𝘶𝘴. 𝘛𝘩𝘳𝘦𝘦 𝘰𝘧 𝘵𝘩𝘦𝘴𝘦 𝘨𝘶𝘯𝘴 𝘢𝘳𝘦 𝘸𝘪𝘵𝘩 𝘊𝘰𝘭𝘰𝘯𝘦𝘭 𝘓𝘦 𝘎𝘢𝘭𝘭𝘢𝘪𝘴’𝘴 𝘋𝘪𝘷𝘪𝘴𝘪𝘰𝘯 (𝘰𝘶𝘳 𝘥𝘪𝘷𝘪𝘴𝘪𝘰𝘯). 𝘛𝘩𝘦 𝘧𝘪𝘳𝘪𝘯𝘨 𝘰𝘧 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘰𝘯𝘦 𝘸𝘪𝘵𝘩 𝘶𝘴 𝘤𝘰𝘶𝘭𝘥 𝘩𝘢𝘷𝘦 𝘣𝘦𝘦𝘯 𝘮𝘶𝘤𝘩 𝘣𝘦𝘵𝘵𝘦𝘳, 𝘣𝘶𝘵 𝘐𝘵 𝘩𝘢𝘥 𝘢 𝘨𝘰𝘰𝘥 𝘦𝘧𝘧𝘦𝘤𝘵, 𝘮𝘢𝘬𝘪𝘯𝘨 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘉𝘰𝘦𝘳𝘴 𝘳𝘦𝘵𝘳𝘦𝘢𝘵 𝘧𝘢𝘴𝘵𝘦𝘳. 𝘉𝘶𝘵 𝘪𝘵 𝘥𝘳𝘦𝘸 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘧𝘪𝘳𝘦 𝘰𝘧 𝘵𝘩𝘦𝘪𝘳 𝘢𝘳𝘵𝘪𝘭𝘭𝘦𝘳𝘺 𝘰𝘯 𝘰𝘶𝘳 𝘙𝘦𝘨𝘪𝘮𝘦𝘯𝘵, 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘵𝘩𝘦𝘺 𝘨𝘰𝘵 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘳𝘢𝘯𝘨𝘦 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘧𝘪𝘳𝘴𝘵 𝘴𝘩𝘰𝘵. 𝘐𝘵 𝘴𝘵𝘳𝘶𝘤𝘬 𝘢𝘣𝘰𝘶𝘵 𝘵𝘦𝘯 𝘺𝘢𝘳𝘥𝘴 𝘪𝘯 𝘧𝘳𝘰𝘯𝘵 𝘰𝘧 𝘰𝘶𝘳 𝘱𝘰𝘮-𝘱𝘰𝘮, 𝘣𝘶𝘵 𝘥𝘪𝘥 𝘯𝘰𝘵 𝘣𝘶𝘳𝘴𝘵; 𝘯𝘦𝘪𝘵𝘩𝘦𝘳 𝘥𝘪𝘥 𝘢𝘯𝘺 𝘰𝘧 𝘵𝘩𝘦𝘪𝘳 𝘴𝘩𝘦𝘭𝘭𝘴. 𝘛𝘩𝘦𝘺 𝘸𝘦𝘳𝘦 𝘧𝘢𝘭𝘭𝘪𝘯𝘨 𝘢𝘭𝘭 𝘢𝘳𝘰𝘶𝘯𝘥 𝘶𝘴. 𝘐𝘵 𝘪𝘴 𝘢 𝘮𝘢𝘳𝘷𝘦𝘭 𝘵𝘩𝘢𝘵 𝘯𝘦𝘪𝘵𝘩𝘦𝘳 𝘢 𝘮𝘢𝘯, 𝘯𝘰𝘳 𝘩𝘰𝘳𝘴𝘦 𝘸𝘢𝘴 𝘩𝘪𝘵. 𝘖𝘶𝘳 𝘊𝘰𝘮𝘱𝘢𝘯𝘺 𝘴𝘶𝘱𝘱𝘭𝘪𝘦𝘥 𝘯𝘦𝘢𝘳𝘭𝘺 𝘢𝘭𝘭 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘴𝘤𝘰𝘶𝘵𝘴 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘱𝘢𝘵𝘳𝘰𝘭𝘴 𝘵𝘩𝘢𝘵 𝘸𝘦𝘳𝘦 𝘸𝘢𝘯𝘵𝘦𝘥 𝘥𝘶𝘳𝘪𝘯𝘨 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘥𝘢𝘺, 𝘯𝘰𝘯-𝘤𝘰𝘮𝘴, 𝘣𝘦𝘪𝘯𝘨 𝘴𝘦𝘯𝘵 𝘰𝘶𝘵 𝘸𝘪𝘵𝘩 𝘱𝘢𝘳𝘵𝘪𝘦𝘴 𝘵𝘰 𝘦𝘹𝘢𝘮𝘪𝘯𝘦 𝘬𝘰𝘱𝘫𝘦𝘴 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘥𝘳𝘢𝘸 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘦𝘯𝘦𝘮𝘺’𝘴 𝘧𝘪𝘳𝘦, 𝘢𝘵 𝘥𝘪𝘧𝘧𝘦𝘳𝘦𝘯𝘵 𝘪𝘯𝘵𝘦𝘳𝘷𝘢𝘭𝘴. 𝘖𝘯𝘦 𝘱𝘢𝘳𝘵𝘺 𝘰𝘧 𝘴𝘦𝘷𝘦𝘯 𝘨𝘰𝘵 𝘢 𝘷𝘦𝘳𝘺 𝘸𝘢𝘳𝘮 𝘳𝘦𝘤𝘦𝘱𝘵𝘪𝘰𝘯, 𝘣𝘰𝘵𝘩 𝘧𝘳𝘰𝘮 𝘳𝘪𝘧𝘭𝘦 𝘧𝘪𝘳𝘦 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘢𝘳𝘵𝘪𝘭𝘭𝘦𝘳𝘺. 𝘈𝘯𝘰𝘵𝘩𝘦𝘳 𝘱𝘢𝘳𝘵𝘺 𝘳𝘦𝘵𝘶𝘳𝘯𝘪𝘯𝘨 𝘧𝘳𝘰𝘮 𝘦𝘹𝘢𝘮𝘪𝘯𝘪𝘯𝘨 𝘢 𝘬𝘰𝘱𝘫𝘦 𝘸𝘦𝘳𝘦 𝘧𝘪𝘳𝘦𝘥 𝘶𝘱𝘰𝘯 𝘣𝘺 𝘢𝘯 𝘦𝘴𝘤𝘰𝘳𝘵 𝘸𝘪𝘵𝘩 𝘢 𝘱𝘰𝘮-𝘱𝘰𝘮 𝘣𝘦𝘭𝘰𝘯𝘨𝘪𝘯𝘨 𝘵𝘰 𝘵𝘩𝘦 6𝘵𝘩 𝘔𝘰𝘶𝘯𝘵𝘦𝘥 𝘐𝘯𝘧𝘢𝘯𝘵𝘳𝘺 𝘤𝘰𝘮𝘱𝘰𝘴𝘦𝘥 𝘰𝘧 𝘢 𝘮𝘪𝘹𝘦𝘥 𝘭𝘰𝘵 𝘰𝘧 𝘪𝘯𝘧𝘢𝘯𝘵𝘳𝘺 𝘮𝘰𝘶𝘯𝘵𝘦𝘥, 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘰𝘯𝘭𝘺 𝘤𝘰𝘯𝘴𝘰𝘭𝘢𝘵𝘪𝘰𝘯 𝘵𝘩𝘦𝘺 𝘨𝘰𝘵 𝘸𝘢𝘴 𝘧𝘳𝘰𝘮 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘰𝘧𝘧𝘪𝘤𝘦𝘳 𝘪𝘯 𝘤𝘩𝘢𝘳𝘨𝘦, 𝘸𝘩𝘰 𝘴𝘢𝘪𝘥 𝘩𝘦 𝘸𝘢𝘴 𝘴𝘰𝘳𝘳𝘺 𝘴𝘰𝘮𝘦 𝘰𝘧 𝘩𝘪𝘴 𝘮𝘦𝘯 𝘧𝘪𝘳𝘦𝘥 𝘰𝘯 𝘵𝘩𝘦𝘮 𝘣𝘺 𝘮𝘪𝘴𝘵𝘢𝘬𝘦. 𝘛𝘩𝘦 𝘉𝘰𝘦𝘳𝘴 𝘩𝘢𝘷𝘦 𝘢𝘭𝘭 𝘳𝘦𝘵𝘪𝘳𝘦𝘥 𝘰𝘯 𝘉𝘳𝘢𝘯𝘥𝘧𝘰𝘳𝘵, 𝘸𝘩𝘦𝘳𝘦 𝘵𝘩𝘦𝘺 𝘩𝘢𝘷𝘦 𝘵𝘩𝘦𝘪𝘳 𝘰𝘶𝘵𝘱𝘰𝘴𝘵𝘴 𝘰𝘯 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘩𝘪𝘭𝘭𝘴, 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘪𝘵 𝘭𝘰𝘰𝘬𝘴 𝘭𝘪𝘬𝘦 𝘢 𝘴𝘦𝘤𝘰𝘯𝘥 𝘔𝘢𝘨𝘦𝘳𝘴𝘧𝘰𝘯𝘵𝘦𝘪𝘯. 𝘞𝘩𝘦𝘯 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘧𝘪𝘨𝘩𝘵𝘪𝘯𝘨 𝘸𝘢𝘴 𝘰𝘷𝘦𝘳 𝘸𝘦 𝘳𝘦𝘵𝘪𝘳𝘦𝘥 𝘢𝘣𝘰𝘶𝘵 𝘵𝘸𝘰 𝘮𝘪𝘭𝘦𝘴, 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘐 𝘸𝘢𝘴 𝘭𝘦𝘧𝘵 𝘰𝘯 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘰𝘶𝘵𝘱𝘰𝘴𝘵, 𝘣𝘶𝘵 𝘣𝘦𝘺𝘰𝘯𝘥 𝘴𝘦𝘦𝘪𝘯𝘨 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘤𝘢𝘮𝘱 𝘧𝘪𝘳𝘦𝘴 𝘰𝘯 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘬𝘰𝘱𝘫𝘦𝘴 𝘪𝘯 𝘧𝘳𝘰𝘯𝘵 𝘰𝘧 𝘉𝘳𝘢𝘯𝘥𝘧𝘰𝘳𝘵 𝘵𝘩𝘦𝘳𝘦 𝘸𝘢𝘴 𝘯𝘰 𝘴𝘪𝘨𝘯 𝘰𝘧 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘦𝘯𝘦𝘮𝘺. 𝘛𝘩𝘦 𝘧𝘰𝘭𝘭𝘰𝘸𝘪𝘯𝘨 𝘮𝘰𝘳𝘯𝘪𝘯𝘨. (𝘔𝘢𝘳𝘤𝘩 30) 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘙𝘦𝘨𝘪𝘮𝘦𝘯𝘵 𝘤𝘢𝘮𝘦 𝘰𝘯 (𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘰𝘶𝘵𝘱𝘰𝘴𝘵𝘴 𝘫𝘰𝘪𝘯𝘪𝘯𝘨 𝘵𝘩𝘦𝘮) 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘮𝘰𝘷𝘦𝘥 𝘶𝘱 𝘢 𝘴𝘭𝘪𝘨𝘩𝘵 𝘩𝘰𝘭𝘭𝘰𝘸 𝘣𝘦𝘵𝘸𝘦𝘦𝘯 𝘵𝘸𝘰 𝘬𝘰𝘱𝘫𝘦𝘴, 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘯𝘰𝘳𝘵𝘩𝘦𝘳𝘭𝘺 𝘰𝘯𝘦 𝘣𝘦𝘪𝘯𝘨 𝘵𝘩𝘢𝘵 𝘧𝘳𝘰𝘮 𝘸𝘩𝘪𝘤𝘩 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘦𝘯𝘦𝘮𝘺 𝘩𝘢𝘥 𝘴𝘩𝘦𝘭𝘭𝘦𝘥 𝘶𝘴 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘥𝘢𝘺 𝘱𝘳𝘦𝘷𝘪𝘰𝘶𝘴. 𝘞𝘦 𝘸𝘦𝘳𝘦 𝘢𝘣𝘰𝘶𝘵 𝘯𝘪𝘯𝘦 𝘮𝘪𝘭𝘦𝘴 𝘴𝘰𝘶𝘵𝘩 𝘰𝘧 𝘉𝘳𝘢𝘯𝘥𝘧𝘰𝘳𝘵, 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘢𝘴 𝘧𝘢𝘳 𝘢𝘴 𝘰𝘯𝘦 𝘤𝘰𝘶𝘭𝘥 𝘴𝘦𝘦 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘮𝘰𝘴𝘵 𝘢𝘥𝘷𝘢𝘯𝘤𝘦𝘥 𝘰𝘧 𝘢𝘯𝘺 𝘰𝘧 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘵𝘳𝘰𝘰𝘱𝘴. 𝘞𝘦 𝘱𝘪𝘵𝘤𝘩𝘦𝘥 𝘤𝘢𝘮𝘱 𝘵𝘩𝘦𝘳𝘦 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘪𝘵 𝘸𝘢𝘴 𝘯𝘰𝘵 𝘭𝘰𝘯𝘨 𝘣𝘦𝘧𝘰𝘳𝘦 𝘸𝘦 𝘤𝘰𝘮𝘮𝘦𝘯𝘤𝘦𝘥 𝘧𝘰𝘳𝘢𝘨𝘪𝘯𝘨. 𝘞𝘦 𝘩𝘢𝘥 𝘭𝘶𝘯𝘤𝘩 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘥𝘪𝘯𝘯𝘦𝘳 𝘤𝘰𝘮𝘣𝘪𝘯𝘦𝘥 𝘢𝘣𝘰𝘶𝘵 11 𝘰’𝘤𝘭𝘰𝘤𝘬, 𝘰𝘯 𝘧𝘰𝘸𝘭𝘴 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘴𝘵𝘦𝘸𝘦𝘥 𝘥𝘳𝘪𝘦𝘥 𝘢𝘱𝘱𝘭𝘦𝘴. 𝘈𝘧𝘵𝘦𝘳𝘸𝘢𝘳𝘥𝘴 𝘢𝘯𝘰𝘵𝘩𝘦𝘳 𝘱𝘢𝘵𝘤𝘩 𝘸𝘢𝘴 𝘴𝘵𝘳𝘶𝘤𝘬 𝘰𝘧 𝘱𝘶𝘮𝘱𝘬𝘪𝘯𝘴, 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘤𝘩𝘢𝘯𝘨𝘦 𝘵𝘰 𝘢 𝘣𝘪𝘵 𝘰𝘧 𝘧𝘳𝘦𝘴𝘩 𝘷𝘦𝘨𝘦𝘵𝘢𝘣𝘭𝘦𝘴 𝘸𝘢𝘴 𝘨𝘳𝘦𝘢𝘵𝘭𝘺 𝘢𝘱𝘱𝘳𝘦𝘤𝘪𝘢𝘵𝘦𝘥. 𝘕𝘦𝘢𝘳𝘭𝘺 𝘦𝘷𝘦𝘳𝘺𝘰𝘯𝘦 𝘪𝘴 𝘢 𝘤𝘰𝘰𝘬, 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘰𝘶𝘳 𝘮𝘦𝘴𝘴 𝘵𝘪𝘯𝘴 𝘢𝘳𝘦 𝘶𝘴𝘦𝘥 𝘧𝘰𝘳 𝘧𝘳𝘺𝘪𝘯𝘨, 𝘣𝘢𝘬𝘪𝘯𝘨, 𝘣𝘰𝘪𝘭𝘪𝘯𝘨, 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘥𝘳𝘪𝘯𝘬𝘪𝘯𝘨. 𝘐𝘯 𝘰𝘶𝘳 𝘤𝘰𝘮𝘱𝘢𝘯𝘺 𝘵𝘩𝘦𝘳𝘦 𝘪𝘴 𝘲𝘶𝘪𝘵𝘦 𝘢 𝘤𝘰𝘭𝘭𝘦𝘤𝘵𝘪𝘰𝘯 𝘰𝘧 𝘵𝘪𝘯 𝘱𝘰𝘵𝘴. 𝘐 𝘥𝘰𝘯'𝘵, 𝘬𝘯𝘰𝘸 𝘩𝘰𝘸 𝘭𝘰𝘯𝘨 𝘸𝘦 𝘢𝘳𝘦 𝘵𝘰 𝘳𝘦𝘮𝘢𝘪𝘯 𝘩𝘦𝘳𝘦. 𝘛𝘩𝘦 𝘩𝘰𝘳𝘴𝘦𝘴 𝘢𝘳𝘦 𝘨𝘦𝘵𝘵𝘪𝘯𝘨 𝘬𝘯𝘰𝘤𝘬𝘦𝘥 𝘶𝘱, 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘸𝘦 𝘸𝘪𝘭𝘭 𝘱𝘳𝘰𝘣𝘢𝘣𝘭𝘺 𝘳𝘦𝘮𝘢𝘪𝘯 𝘶𝘯𝘵𝘪𝘭 𝘰𝘶𝘳 𝘳𝘦𝘮𝘰𝘶𝘯𝘵𝘴 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘐𝘮𝘱𝘦𝘳𝘪𝘢𝘭 𝘴𝘢𝘥𝘥𝘭𝘦𝘴 𝘤𝘰𝘮𝘦 𝘰𝘯. 𝘈 𝘭𝘰𝘵 𝘰𝘧 𝘰𝘶𝘳 𝘩𝘰𝘳𝘴𝘦𝘴 𝘢𝘳𝘦 𝘯𝘰𝘵 𝘧𝘪𝘵 𝘵𝘰 𝘤𝘢𝘳𝘳𝘺 𝘢 𝘴𝘢𝘥𝘥𝘭𝘦. 𝘖𝘵𝘩𝘦𝘳𝘴 𝘩𝘢𝘷𝘦 𝘯𝘰 𝘩𝘰𝘳𝘴𝘦𝘴 𝘢𝘵 𝘢𝘭𝘭. 𝘐𝘯 𝘴𝘰𝘮𝘦 𝘪𝘯𝘴𝘵𝘢𝘯𝘤𝘦𝘴 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘴𝘢𝘥𝘥𝘭𝘦𝘴 𝘸𝘦𝘳𝘦 𝘱𝘭𝘢𝘤𝘦𝘥 𝘰𝘯 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘸𝘢𝘨𝘰𝘯𝘴 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘩𝘰𝘳𝘴𝘦𝘴 𝘭𝘦𝘥 𝘣𝘺 𝘵𝘩𝘦𝘪𝘳 𝘰𝘸𝘯𝘦𝘳𝘴. 𝘛𝘩𝘰𝘴𝘦 𝘥𝘪𝘴𝘮𝘰𝘶𝘯𝘵𝘦𝘥 𝘸𝘩𝘰 𝘸𝘦𝘳𝘦 𝘸𝘪𝘵𝘩𝘰𝘶𝘵 𝘩𝘰𝘳𝘴𝘦𝘴 𝘧𝘰𝘳𝘮𝘦𝘥 𝘢 𝘤𝘰𝘮𝘱𝘢𝘯𝘺 𝘰𝘧 𝘐𝘯𝘧𝘢𝘯𝘵𝘳𝘺. 𝘈𝘭𝘭 𝘵𝘩𝘪𝘴 𝘭𝘰𝘵, 𝘸𝘪𝘵𝘩 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘦𝘹𝘤𝘦𝘱𝘵𝘪𝘰𝘯 𝘰𝘧 𝘰𝘯𝘦 𝘸𝘩𝘰 𝘤𝘰𝘮𝘮𝘢𝘯𝘥𝘦𝘦𝘳𝘦𝘥 𝘢 𝘱𝘰𝘯𝘺, 𝘸𝘦𝘳𝘦 𝘰𝘶𝘵 𝘰𝘧 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘭𝘢𝘴𝘵 𝘧𝘪𝘨𝘩𝘵. 𝘐 𝘭𝘰𝘰𝘬𝘦𝘥 𝘰𝘶𝘵 𝘵𝘩𝘢𝘵 𝘐 𝘥𝘪𝘥 𝘯𝘰𝘵 𝘨𝘦𝘵 𝘭𝘦𝘧𝘵. 𝘞𝘦 𝘢𝘳𝘦 𝘬𝘦𝘱𝘵 𝘨𝘰𝘪𝘯𝘨, 𝘴𝘦𝘯𝘥𝘪𝘯𝘨 𝘰𝘶𝘵 𝘱𝘢𝘵𝘳𝘰𝘭𝘴, 𝘰𝘣𝘴𝘦𝘳𝘷𝘢𝘵𝘪𝘰𝘯 𝘱𝘰𝘴𝘵𝘴, 𝘰𝘶𝘵𝘱𝘰𝘴𝘵𝘴, 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘧𝘰𝘳𝘵𝘪𝘧𝘺𝘪𝘯𝘨 𝘰𝘶𝘳 𝘱𝘰𝘴𝘪𝘵𝘪𝘰𝘯” - Sergeant Braun, it may be added, has a brother at the front, Private Ben Braun, with Captain Legge's Company. Both brothers were Sergeants in the 2nd Regiment before they left Sydney⁣
⁣
Thaba Nchu April 1900 (a detachment only)⁣
Brandfort 3 May 1900⁣
Vet River 5 May 1900⁣
Zand River 10 May 1900⁣
Kroonstad 12 May 1900⁣
Lindley 20 May 1900⁣
Johannesburg 29 May 1900⁣
Pretoria 4 June 1900⁣
Diamond Hill 11-12 June 1900⁣
⁣
𝐌𝐨𝐮𝐧𝐭𝐞𝐝 𝐈𝐧𝐟𝐚𝐧𝐭𝐫𝐲 𝐈𝐧 𝐀𝐜𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧; 𝐂𝐡𝐞𝐞𝐫𝐬 𝐅𝐫𝐨𝐦 𝐓𝐡𝐞 𝐆𝐨𝐫𝐝𝐨𝐧𝐬 (𝐩𝐮𝐛𝐥𝐢𝐬𝐡𝐞𝐝 𝐢𝐧 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐋𝐢𝐬𝐦𝐨𝐫𝐞 𝐍𝐨𝐫𝐭𝐡𝐞𝐫𝐧 𝐒𝐭𝐚𝐫 𝟖 𝐀𝐮𝐠𝐮𝐬𝐭 𝟏𝟗𝟎𝟎) - 𝐖𝐫𝐢𝐭𝐢𝐧𝐠 𝐟𝐫𝐨𝐦 𝐏𝐫𝐞𝐭𝐨𝐫𝐢𝐚 𝐨𝐧 𝟏𝟕 𝐉𝐮𝐧𝐞, 𝐒𝐞𝐫𝐠𝐞𝐚𝐧𝐭 𝐂. 𝐁𝐫𝐚𝐰𝐧, 𝐨𝐟 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐍.𝐒.𝐖. 𝐌𝐨𝐮𝐧𝐭𝐞𝐝 𝐑𝐢𝐟𝐥𝐞𝐬, 𝐬𝐚𝐲𝐬 “𝘏𝘦𝘳𝘦 𝘸𝘦 𝘢𝘳𝘦 𝘣𝘢𝘤𝘬 𝘢𝘨𝘢𝘪𝘯 𝘪𝘯 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘤𝘢𝘱𝘪𝘵𝘢𝘭, 𝘢𝘧𝘵𝘦𝘳 𝘢 𝘉𝘰𝘦𝘳 𝘩𝘶𝘯𝘵 𝘦𝘢𝘴𝘵, 𝘢𝘴 𝘧𝘢𝘳 𝘢𝘴 𝘧𝘪𝘨𝘩𝘵𝘪𝘯𝘨 𝘨𝘰𝘦𝘴, 𝘪𝘵 𝘩𝘢𝘴 𝘣𝘦𝘦𝘯 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘳𝘰𝘶𝘨𝘩𝘦𝘴𝘵 𝘵𝘪𝘮𝘦 𝘸𝘦 𝘩𝘢𝘷𝘦 𝘺𝘦𝘵 𝘱𝘶𝘵 𝘪𝘯. 𝘖𝘯 𝘵𝘩𝘦 11𝘵𝘩 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘦𝘯𝘦𝘮𝘺 𝘸𝘦𝘳𝘦 𝘢𝘭𝘭 𝘢𝘳𝘰𝘶𝘯𝘥 𝘸𝘪𝘵𝘩 𝘢𝘳𝘵𝘪𝘭𝘭𝘦𝘳𝘺 𝘱𝘰𝘴𝘵𝘦𝘥 𝘪𝘯 𝘴𝘱𝘭𝘦𝘯𝘥𝘪𝘥 𝘱𝘰𝘴𝘪𝘵𝘪𝘰𝘯𝘴 𝘰𝘯 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘬𝘰𝘱𝘫𝘦𝘴. 𝘐𝘵 𝘸𝘢𝘴 𝘭𝘪𝘬𝘦 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘭𝘦𝘵𝘵𝘦𝘳 𝘜 𝘸𝘪𝘵𝘩 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘌𝘯𝘨𝘭𝘪𝘴𝘩 𝘪𝘯 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘮𝘪𝘥𝘥𝘭𝘦. 𝘛𝘩𝘰 𝘦𝘯𝘦𝘮𝘺 𝘨𝘰𝘵 𝘴𝘰 𝘥𝘢𝘳𝘪𝘯𝘨 𝘢𝘴 𝘵𝘰 𝘤𝘩𝘢𝘳𝘨𝘦 𝘰𝘶𝘳 𝘨𝘶𝘯𝘴, 𝘣𝘶𝘵 𝘸𝘦𝘳𝘦 𝘮𝘦𝘵 𝘸𝘪𝘵𝘩 𝘤𝘢𝘴𝘦 𝘴𝘩𝘰𝘵, 𝘸𝘩𝘪𝘤𝘩 𝘴𝘤𝘢𝘵𝘵𝘦𝘳𝘦𝘥 𝘵𝘩𝘦𝘮 𝘷𝘦𝘳𝘺 𝘲𝘶𝘪𝘤𝘬𝘭𝘺, 𝘸𝘪𝘵𝘩 𝘢 𝘭𝘰𝘵 𝘰𝘧 𝘤𝘢𝘷𝘢𝘭𝘳𝘺 𝘢𝘧𝘵𝘦𝘳 𝘵𝘩𝘦𝘮. 𝘛𝘩𝘦 𝘤𝘢𝘷𝘢𝘭𝘳𝘺 𝘴𝘶𝘧𝘧𝘦𝘳𝘦𝘥 𝘷𝘦𝘳𝘺 𝘩𝘦𝘢𝘷𝘪𝘭𝘺, 𝘣𝘰𝘵𝘩 𝘪𝘯 𝘰𝘧𝘧𝘪𝘤𝘦𝘳𝘴 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘮𝘦𝘯. 𝘐 𝘴𝘢𝘸 𝘰𝘯𝘦 𝘭𝘰𝘵 𝘣𝘶𝘳𝘪𝘦𝘥 𝘪𝘯 𝘰𝘯 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘧𝘪𝘦𝘭𝘥 𝘸𝘪𝘵𝘩 𝘴𝘰𝘮𝘦 𝘉𝘰𝘦𝘳𝘴. 𝘛𝘸𝘰 𝘰𝘧 𝘵𝘩𝘦𝘮 𝘸𝘦𝘳𝘦 𝘩𝘰𝘳𝘳𝘪𝘣𝘭𝘺 𝘮𝘶𝘵𝘪𝘭𝘢𝘵𝘦𝘥 𝘣𝘺 𝘢 𝘴𝘩𝘦𝘭𝘭. 𝘈𝘯 𝘰𝘧𝘧𝘪𝘤𝘦𝘳 𝘸𝘢𝘴 𝘱𝘶𝘵 𝘪𝘯 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘴𝘢𝘮𝘦 𝘨𝘳𝘢𝘷𝘦. 𝘛𝘩𝘦 𝘤𝘢𝘷𝘢𝘭𝘳𝘺 𝘮𝘢𝘥𝘦 𝘰𝘯𝘦 𝘨𝘰𝘰𝘥 𝘤𝘩𝘢𝘳𝘨𝘦 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘩𝘢𝘥 𝘨𝘰𝘵 𝘵𝘩𝘳𝘰𝘶𝘨𝘩 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘸𝘰𝘳𝘴𝘵 𝘸𝘩𝘦𝘯 𝘵𝘩𝘦𝘺 𝘭𝘰𝘴𝘵 𝘵𝘩𝘦𝘪𝘳 𝘔𝘢𝘫𝘰𝘳 (𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘦𝘢𝘳𝘭 𝘰𝘧 𝘈𝘪𝘳𝘭𝘪𝘦) [𝘋𝘢𝘷𝘪𝘥 𝘖𝘨𝘪𝘭𝘷𝘺, 11𝘵𝘩 𝘌𝘢𝘳𝘭 𝘰𝘧 𝘈𝘪𝘳𝘭𝘪𝘦] 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘢𝘯𝘰𝘵𝘩𝘦𝘳 𝘰𝘧𝘧𝘪𝘤𝘦𝘳 (𝘊𝘢𝘷𝘦𝘯𝘥𝘪𝘴𝘩 𝘐 𝘵𝘩𝘪𝘯𝘬) [2𝘯𝘥 𝘓𝘪𝘦𝘶𝘵𝘦𝘯𝘢𝘯𝘵 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘏𝘰𝘯𝘰𝘶𝘳𝘢𝘣𝘭𝘦 𝘊𝘩𝘢𝘳𝘭𝘦𝘴 𝘞𝘪𝘭𝘭𝘪𝘢𝘮 𝘏𝘶𝘨𝘩 𝘊𝘢𝘷𝘦𝘯𝘥𝘪𝘴𝘩 17𝘵𝘩 𝘓𝘢𝘯𝘤𝘦𝘳𝘴]. 𝘛𝘩𝘦𝘯, 𝘪𝘯𝘴𝘵𝘦𝘢𝘥 𝘰𝘧 𝘨𝘰𝘪𝘯𝘨 𝘰𝘯 𝘵𝘩𝘦𝘺 𝘳𝘦𝘵𝘪𝘳𝘦𝘥, 𝘧𝘰𝘭𝘭𝘰𝘸𝘦𝘥 𝘣𝘺 𝘢 𝘩𝘦𝘢𝘷𝘺 𝘧𝘪𝘳𝘦 𝘧𝘳𝘰𝘮 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘦𝘯𝘦𝘮𝘺 𝘰𝘧 𝘱𝘰𝘮-𝘱𝘰𝘮𝘴, 𝘢 𝘩𝘦𝘢𝘷𝘺 𝘨𝘶𝘯, 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘳𝘪𝘧𝘭𝘦𝘴. 𝘞𝘦 𝘩𝘢𝘥 𝘯𝘰𝘵𝘩𝘪𝘯𝘨 𝘮𝘶𝘤𝘩 𝘵𝘰 𝘥𝘰 𝘣𝘶𝘵 𝘸𝘢𝘵𝘤𝘩 𝘢 𝘉𝘰𝘦𝘳 𝘱𝘰𝘴𝘪𝘵𝘪𝘰𝘯, 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘴𝘦𝘦 𝘵𝘩𝘢𝘵 𝘯𝘰 𝘢𝘥𝘷𝘢𝘯𝘤𝘦 𝘸𝘢𝘴 𝘮𝘢𝘥𝘦 𝘧𝘳𝘰𝘮 𝘪𝘵. 𝘛𝘩𝘰 𝘦𝘯𝘦𝘮𝘺 𝘵𝘳𝘦𝘢𝘵𝘦𝘥 𝘶𝘴 𝘵𝘰 𝘢 𝘴𝘩𝘦𝘭𝘭𝘪𝘯𝘨, 𝘣𝘶𝘵 𝘸𝘦 𝘸𝘦𝘳𝘦 𝘵𝘰𝘰 𝘮𝘶𝘤𝘩 𝘦𝘹𝘵𝘦𝘯𝘥𝘦𝘥 𝘧𝘰𝘳 𝘵𝘩𝘦𝘮 𝘵𝘰 𝘵𝘢𝘬𝘦 𝘢𝘯𝘺 𝘦𝘧𝘧𝘦𝘤𝘵. 𝘖𝘯 𝘵𝘩𝘦 12𝘵𝘩 𝘰𝘶𝘳 𝘨𝘶𝘯𝘴 𝘩𝘢𝘥 𝘵𝘢𝘬𝘦𝘯 𝘶𝘱 𝘣𝘦𝘵𝘵𝘦𝘳 𝘱𝘰𝘴𝘪𝘵𝘪𝘰𝘯𝘴, 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘵𝘸𝘰 50-𝘱𝘰𝘶𝘯𝘥𝘦𝘳𝘴 𝘩𝘢𝘥 𝘣𝘦𝘦𝘯 𝘶𝘱. 𝘛𝘩𝘦𝘺 𝘸𝘦𝘳𝘦 𝘯𝘰𝘵 𝘭𝘰𝘯𝘨 𝘪𝘯 𝘰𝘱𝘦𝘯𝘪𝘯𝘨 𝘰𝘶𝘵 𝘣𝘶𝘵 𝘵𝘩𝘦𝘺 𝘸𝘦𝘳𝘦 𝘯𝘰𝘵 𝘰𝘶𝘵 𝘰𝘧 𝘳𝘢𝘯𝘨𝘦 𝘰𝘧 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘦𝘯𝘦𝘮𝘺’𝘴 𝘣𝘪𝘨 𝘨𝘶𝘯𝘴. 𝘐𝘵 𝘸𝘢𝘴 𝘢𝘯 𝘢𝘳𝘵𝘪𝘭𝘭𝘦𝘳𝘺 𝘥𝘶𝘦𝘭 𝘢𝘭𝘭 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘮𝘰𝘳𝘯𝘪𝘯𝘨. 𝘞𝘦 𝘴𝘢𝘸 𝘰𝘯𝘦 𝘰𝘧 𝘰𝘶𝘳 𝘴𝘩𝘦𝘭𝘭𝘴 𝘴𝘮𝘢𝘴𝘩 𝘶𝘱 𝘢 𝘱𝘰𝘮-𝘱𝘰𝘮. 𝘈𝘴 𝘔𝘳. 𝘈𝘯𝘥𝘦𝘳𝘴𝘰𝘯 𝘴𝘢𝘪𝘥…𝘶𝘱 𝘵𝘰 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘮𝘰𝘰𝘯 𝘴𝘩𝘦 𝘣𝘶𝘮𝘱𝘦𝘥. 𝘞𝘦 𝘸𝘦𝘳𝘦 𝘥𝘰𝘪𝘯𝘨 𝘯𝘰𝘵𝘩𝘪𝘯𝘨 𝘢𝘭𝘭 𝘵𝘩𝘪𝘴 𝘮𝘰𝘳𝘯𝘪𝘯𝘨, 𝘴𝘰 𝘤𝘢𝘶𝘨𝘩𝘵 𝘴𝘰𝘮𝘦 𝘴𝘩𝘦𝘦𝘱 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘩𝘢𝘥 𝘢 𝘨𝘰𝘰𝘥 𝘥𝘪𝘯𝘯𝘦𝘳. 𝘈𝘣𝘰𝘶𝘵 3 𝘱.𝘮. 𝘸𝘦 𝘳𝘦𝘤𝘦𝘪𝘷𝘦𝘥 𝘰𝘳𝘥𝘦𝘳𝘴 𝘵𝘰 𝘮𝘰𝘷𝘦 𝘰𝘧𝘧. 𝘕𝘰𝘵𝘩𝘪𝘯𝘨 𝘸𝘢𝘴 𝘴𝘢𝘪𝘥 𝘣𝘶𝘵 𝘸𝘦 𝘩𝘢𝘥 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘪𝘥𝘦𝘢 𝘵𝘩𝘦𝘳𝘦 𝘸𝘢𝘴 𝘴𝘰𝘮𝘦𝘵𝘩𝘪𝘯𝘨 𝘰𝘯 𝘢𝘴 𝘵𝘩𝘦𝘺 𝘥𝘰𝘯’𝘵 𝘨𝘪𝘷𝘦 𝘺𝘰𝘶 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘮𝘰𝘳𝘯𝘪𝘯𝘨 𝘴𝘱𝘦𝘭𝘭 𝘸𝘪𝘵𝘩𝘰𝘶𝘵 𝘴𝘰𝘮𝘦 𝘰𝘣𝘫𝘦𝘤𝘵𝘪𝘷𝘦. 𝘞𝘦 𝘩𝘢𝘥 𝘴𝘱𝘭𝘦𝘯𝘥𝘪𝘥 𝘦𝘹𝘵𝘦𝘯𝘴𝘪𝘰𝘯, 50𝘺𝘥𝘴 𝘧𝘳𝘰𝘮 𝘦𝘢𝘤𝘩 𝘰𝘵𝘩𝘦𝘳 𝘢𝘯𝘥 150𝘺𝘥𝘴 𝘣𝘦𝘵𝘸𝘦𝘦𝘯 𝘵𝘳𝘰𝘰𝘱𝘴. 𝘞𝘦 𝘷𝘦𝘳𝘺 𝘴𝘰𝘰𝘯 𝘤𝘢𝘮𝘦 𝘶𝘯𝘥𝘦𝘳 𝘢 𝘩𝘦𝘢𝘷𝘺 𝘴𝘩𝘦𝘭𝘭 𝘧𝘪𝘳𝘦 𝘧𝘳𝘰𝘮 𝘢 𝘬𝘰𝘱𝘫𝘦 𝘸𝘦 𝘸𝘦𝘳𝘦 𝘮𝘢𝘬𝘪𝘯𝘨 𝘧𝘰𝘳. 𝘛𝘩𝘦 𝘨𝘳𝘰𝘶𝘯𝘥 𝘸𝘦 𝘩𝘢𝘥 𝘵𝘰 𝘤𝘰𝘷𝘦𝘳 𝘸𝘢𝘴 𝘷𝘦𝘳𝘺 𝘳𝘰𝘶𝘨𝘩 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘣𝘰𝘨𝘨𝘺, 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘢 𝘭𝘰𝘵 𝘩𝘢𝘥 𝘵𝘰 𝘥𝘪𝘴𝘮𝘰𝘶𝘯𝘵 𝘢𝘴 𝘴𝘰𝘰𝘯 𝘢𝘴 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘣𝘶𝘭𝘭𝘦𝘵𝘴 𝘤𝘰𝘮𝘮𝘦𝘯𝘤𝘦𝘥 𝘵𝘰 𝘸𝘩𝘪𝘴𝘵𝘭𝘦. 𝘏𝘢𝘷𝘪𝘯𝘨 𝘳𝘰𝘢𝘤𝘩𝘦𝘥 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘧𝘰𝘰𝘵 𝘰𝘧 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘬𝘰𝘱𝘫𝘦 (𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘳𝘰𝘶𝘨𝘩𝘦𝘴𝘵 𝘐 𝘩𝘢𝘷𝘦 𝘺𝘦𝘵 𝘴𝘦𝘦𝘯) 𝘰𝘶𝘳 𝘧𝘰𝘭𝘭𝘰𝘸𝘴 𝘢𝘵 𝘰𝘯𝘤𝘦 𝘤𝘰𝘮𝘮𝘦𝘯𝘤𝘦𝘥 𝘵𝘰 𝘤𝘭𝘪𝘮𝘣 𝘶𝘱. 𝘍𝘳𝘰𝘮 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘵𝘪𝘮𝘦 𝘸𝘦 𝘳𝘦𝘤𝘦𝘪𝘷𝘦𝘥 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘰𝘳𝘥𝘦𝘳𝘴 𝘵𝘰 𝘦𝘹𝘵𝘦𝘯𝘥, 𝘯𝘰 𝘧𝘶𝘳𝘵𝘩𝘦𝘳 𝘰𝘳𝘥𝘦𝘳 𝘩𝘢𝘥 𝘣𝘦𝘦𝘯 𝘨𝘪𝘷𝘦𝘯, 𝘣𝘶𝘵 𝘦𝘢𝘤𝘩 𝘮𝘢𝘯 𝘴𝘦𝘦𝘮𝘦𝘥 𝘵𝘰 𝘬𝘯𝘰𝘸 𝘸𝘩𝘢𝘵 𝘸𝘢𝘴 𝘸𝘢𝘯𝘵𝘦𝘥 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘩𝘢𝘥 𝘥𝘪𝘴𝘮𝘰𝘶𝘯𝘵𝘦𝘥, 𝘵𝘶𝘳𝘯𝘦𝘥 𝘰𝘷𝘦𝘳 𝘩𝘪𝘴 𝘩𝘰𝘳𝘴𝘦 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘴𝘵𝘢𝘳𝘵𝘦𝘥 𝘶𝘱 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘳𝘪𝘥𝘨𝘦 𝘸𝘪𝘵𝘩𝘰𝘶𝘵 𝘥𝘦𝘭𝘢𝘺. 𝘞𝘦 𝘸𝘦𝘳𝘦 𝘢𝘭𝘭 𝘰𝘶𝘵 𝘰𝘧 𝘸𝘪𝘯𝘥 𝘸𝘩𝘦𝘯 𝘸𝘦 𝘩𝘢𝘥 𝘤𝘭𝘪𝘮𝘣𝘦𝘥 𝘶𝘱 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘴𝘪𝘥𝘦, 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘩𝘢𝘥 𝘵𝘰 𝘩𝘢𝘷𝘦 𝘢 𝘴𝘱𝘦𝘭𝘭. 𝘛𝘩𝘦𝘯 𝘢 𝘧𝘶𝘳𝘵𝘩𝘦𝘳 𝘮𝘰𝘷𝘦, 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘣𝘶𝘭𝘭𝘦𝘵𝘴 𝘤𝘰𝘮𝘮𝘦𝘯𝘤𝘦𝘥 𝘵𝘰 𝘧𝘭𝘺 𝘢𝘭𝘭 𝘳𝘰𝘶𝘯𝘥. 𝘉𝘶𝘵 𝘸𝘦 𝘤𝘰𝘶𝘭𝘥 𝘯𝘰𝘵 𝘴𝘦𝘦 𝘸𝘩𝘦𝘳𝘦 𝘵𝘩𝘦𝘺 𝘤𝘢𝘮𝘦 𝘧𝘳𝘰𝘮, 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘬𝘰𝘱𝘫𝘦 𝘣𝘦𝘪𝘯𝘨 𝘧𝘶𝘭𝘭 𝘰𝘧 𝘳𝘰𝘤𝘬𝘴. 𝘖𝘯𝘦 𝘰𝘯𝘭𝘺 𝘯𝘦𝘦𝘥𝘦𝘥 𝘵𝘰 𝘨𝘦𝘵 𝘶𝘯𝘥𝘦𝘳 𝘤𝘰𝘷𝘦𝘳 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘱𝘶𝘵 𝘩𝘪𝘴 𝘩𝘦𝘭𝘮𝘦𝘵 𝘰𝘯 𝘢 𝘳𝘪𝘧𝘭𝘦, 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘣𝘶𝘭𝘭𝘦𝘵𝘴 𝘸𝘰𝘶𝘭𝘥 𝘤𝘰𝘮𝘦 𝘢𝘭𝘭 𝘳𝘰𝘶𝘯𝘥 𝘪𝘯 𝘥𝘰𝘶𝘣𝘭𝘦 𝘵𝘪𝘮𝘦. 𝘞𝘰 𝘨𝘰𝘵 𝘶𝘯𝘥𝘦𝘳 𝘤𝘰𝘷𝘦𝘳 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘧𝘰𝘶𝘨𝘩𝘵 𝘵𝘩𝘦𝘮 𝘪𝘯 𝘵𝘩𝘦𝘪𝘳 𝘰𝘸𝘯 𝘴𝘵𝘺𝘭𝘦, 𝘥𝘰𝘥𝘨𝘪𝘯𝘨 𝘢𝘮𝘰𝘯𝘨 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘳𝘰𝘰𝘬𝘴, 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘧𝘪𝘳𝘪𝘯𝘨 𝘸𝘩𝘦𝘯𝘦𝘷𝘦𝘳 𝘸𝘦 𝘴𝘢𝘸 𝘢 𝘩𝘦𝘢𝘥. 𝘐 𝘸𝘢𝘴 𝘶𝘴𝘪𝘯𝘨 𝘢 𝘔𝘢𝘶𝘴𝘦𝘳 𝘊𝘢𝘳𝘣𝘪𝘯𝘦 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘴𝘦𝘯𝘥𝘪𝘯𝘨 𝘵𝘩𝘦𝘮 𝘴𝘰𝘮𝘦 𝘰𝘧 𝘵𝘩𝘦𝘪𝘳 𝘰𝘸𝘯 𝘣𝘶𝘭𝘭𝘦𝘵𝘴. 𝘈𝘧𝘵𝘦𝘳 𝘢 𝘸𝘩𝘪𝘭𝘦 𝘸𝘰 𝘨𝘰𝘵 𝘢 𝘣𝘪𝘵 𝘰𝘧 𝘢 𝘳𝘶𝘴𝘩 𝘰𝘯, 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘥𝘰𝘨𝘴 𝘤𝘢𝘮𝘦 𝘰𝘶𝘵 𝘰𝘧 𝘵𝘩𝘦𝘪𝘳 𝘬𝘦𝘯𝘯𝘦𝘭𝘴 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘳𝘢𝘯. 𝘞𝘦 𝘨𝘢𝘷𝘦 𝘵𝘩𝘦𝘮 𝘸𝘩𝘢𝘵 𝘧𝘰𝘳 𝘵𝘩𝘦𝘯. 𝘛𝘩𝘦𝘺 𝘰𝘱𝘦𝘯𝘦𝘥 𝘰𝘯 𝘶𝘴 𝘧𝘳𝘰𝘮 𝘢 𝘬𝘰𝘱𝘫𝘦 𝘪𝘯 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘳𝘦𝘢𝘳 𝘸𝘪𝘵𝘩 𝘴𝘩𝘳𝘢𝘱𝘯𝘦𝘭, 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘮𝘢𝘥𝘦 𝘵𝘩𝘪𝘯𝘨𝘴 𝘳𝘢𝘵𝘩𝘦𝘳 𝘸𝘢𝘳𝘮. 𝘈 𝘤𝘩𝘢𝘱 𝘯𝘢𝘮𝘦𝘥 𝘊𝘢𝘮𝘦𝘳𝘰𝘯 𝘸𝘢𝘴 𝘴𝘩𝘰𝘵 𝘵𝘩𝘳𝘰𝘶𝘨𝘩 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘴𝘵𝘰𝘮𝘢𝘤𝘩 𝘧𝘳𝘰𝘮 𝘣𝘦𝘩𝘪𝘯𝘥 𝘢 𝘳𝘰𝘤𝘬, 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘢 𝘧𝘦𝘸 𝘮𝘪𝘯𝘶𝘵𝘦𝘴 𝘭𝘢𝘵𝘦𝘳 𝘓𝘪𝘦𝘶𝘵𝘦𝘯𝘢𝘯𝘵 𝘏𝘢𝘳𝘳𝘪𝘰𝘵𝘵 [𝘞𝘪𝘭𝘭𝘪𝘢𝘮 𝘙𝘶𝘱𝘦𝘳𝘵 𝘏𝘢𝘳𝘳𝘪𝘰𝘵𝘵] 𝘸𝘢𝘴 𝘩𝘪𝘵 𝘪𝘯 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘵𝘩𝘪𝘨𝘩. 𝘏𝘦 𝘭𝘦𝘵 𝘰𝘶𝘵 𝘢𝘯 𝘢𝘸𝘧𝘶𝘭 𝘺𝘦𝘭𝘭 𝘰𝘧 𝘢𝘨𝘰𝘯𝘺 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘵𝘩𝘦𝘯 𝘥𝘳𝘰𝘱𝘱𝘦𝘥. 𝘈𝘧𝘵𝘦𝘳 𝘮𝘰𝘳𝘦 𝘴𝘯𝘪𝘱𝘪𝘯𝘨 𝘸𝘦 𝘮𝘢𝘥𝘦 𝘢 𝘤𝘩𝘢𝘳𝘨𝘦 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘺𝘰𝘶 𝘴𝘩𝘰𝘶𝘭𝘥 𝘩𝘢𝘷𝘦 𝘩𝘦𝘢𝘳𝘥 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘳𝘰𝘸. 𝘚𝘰𝘮𝘦 𝘤𝘩𝘦𝘦𝘳𝘦𝘥, 𝘴𝘰𝘮𝘦 𝘺𝘦𝘭𝘭𝘦𝘥, 𝘢 𝘭𝘰𝘵 𝘴𝘸𝘰𝘳𝘦. 𝘖𝘯𝘭𝘺 𝘢𝘣𝘰𝘶𝘵 𝘢 𝘥𝘰𝘻𝘦𝘯 𝘪𝘯 𝘰𝘶𝘳 𝘤𝘰𝘮𝘱𝘢𝘯𝘺 𝘩𝘢𝘥 𝘣𝘢𝘺𝘰𝘯𝘦𝘵𝘴 𝘧𝘪𝘹𝘦𝘥. 𝘚𝘰𝘮𝘦 𝘩𝘢𝘥 𝘭𝘰𝘴𝘵 𝘵𝘩𝘦𝘮, 𝘰𝘵𝘩𝘦𝘳𝘴 𝘸𝘰𝘶𝘭𝘥 𝘯𝘰𝘵 𝘧𝘪𝘹 𝘰𝘸𝘪𝘯𝘨 𝘵𝘰 𝘩𝘢𝘷𝘪𝘯𝘨 𝘣𝘦𝘦𝘯 𝘶𝘴𝘦𝘥 𝘢𝘴 𝘱𝘪𝘤𝘬𝘦𝘵-𝘱𝘦𝘨𝘴, 𝘣𝘶𝘵 𝘴𝘵𝘪𝘭𝘭 𝘸𝘦 𝘸𝘦𝘯𝘵 𝘰𝘯, 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘣𝘶𝘵𝘵 𝘰𝘧 𝘢 𝘳𝘪𝘧𝘭𝘦 𝘪𝘴 𝘨𝘰𝘰𝘥 𝘦𝘯𝘰𝘶𝘨𝘩. 𝘐 𝘴𝘱𝘰𝘵𝘵𝘦𝘥 𝘢 𝘤𝘩𝘢𝘱 𝘸𝘢𝘪𝘵𝘪𝘯𝘨 𝘧𝘰𝘳 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘴𝘩𝘰𝘵. 𝘐 𝘵𝘰𝘰𝘬 𝘨𝘰𝘰𝘥 𝘢𝘪𝘮 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘧𝘪𝘳𝘦𝘥. 𝘈𝘴 𝘐 𝘥𝘪𝘥 𝘴𝘰, 𝘐 𝘴𝘢𝘸 𝘢𝘯𝘰𝘵𝘩𝘦𝘳 𝘉𝘰𝘰𝘳 𝘵𝘢𝘬𝘪𝘯𝘨 𝘢𝘪𝘮 𝘮𝘺 𝘸𝘢𝘺. 𝘐 𝘥𝘳𝘰𝘱𝘱𝘦𝘥 𝘵𝘰 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘨𝘳𝘰𝘶𝘯𝘥, 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘵𝘰𝘭𝘥 𝘮𝘺 𝘮𝘢𝘵𝘦 𝘸𝘪𝘵𝘩 𝘮𝘦 (𝘍𝘦𝘢𝘵𝘩𝘦𝘳𝘴𝘵𝘰𝘯𝘦𝘩𝘢𝘶𝘨𝘩) [𝘓𝘊𝘗𝘓 𝘊𝘶𝘵𝘩𝘣𝘦𝘳𝘵 𝘍𝘦𝘢𝘵𝘩𝘦𝘳𝘴𝘵𝘰𝘯𝘦𝘩𝘢𝘶𝘨𝘩] 𝘥𝘳𝘰𝘱. 𝘏𝘦 𝘥𝘪𝘥, 𝘣𝘶𝘵 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘣𝘶𝘭𝘭𝘦𝘵 𝘸𝘦𝘯𝘵 𝘴𝘰 𝘤𝘭𝘰𝘴𝘦 𝘵𝘰 𝘩𝘪𝘴 𝘤𝘩𝘦𝘦𝘬 𝘵𝘩𝘢𝘵 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘩𝘦𝘢𝘵 𝘧𝘳𝘰𝘮 𝘪𝘵 𝘴𝘤𝘰𝘳𝘤𝘩𝘦𝘥 𝘪𝘵. 𝘞𝘦 𝘧𝘰𝘭𝘭𝘰𝘸𝘦𝘥 𝘶𝘱, 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘤𝘢𝘮𝘦 𝘶𝘱𝘰𝘯 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘉𝘰𝘦𝘳 𝘐 𝘩𝘢𝘥 𝘧𝘪𝘳𝘦𝘥 𝘢𝘵. 𝘏𝘪𝘴 𝘮𝘢𝘵𝘦 𝘵𝘶𝘳𝘯𝘦𝘥 𝘰𝘶𝘵 𝘵𝘰 𝘣𝘦 𝘩𝘪𝘴 𝘣𝘳𝘰𝘵𝘩𝘦𝘳, 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘩𝘦 𝘩𝘢𝘥 𝘣𝘰𝘰𝘯 𝘵𝘳𝘺𝘪𝘯𝘨 𝘵𝘰 𝘤𝘢𝘳𝘳𝘺 𝘩𝘪𝘮 𝘢𝘸𝘢𝘺. 𝘏𝘦 𝘸𝘢𝘷𝘦𝘥 𝘢 𝘸𝘩𝘪𝘵𝘦 𝘩𝘢𝘯𝘥𝘬𝘦𝘳𝘤𝘩𝘪𝘦𝘧, 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘢𝘴𝘬𝘦𝘥 𝘧𝘰𝘳 𝘸𝘢𝘵𝘦𝘳. 𝘞𝘩𝘦𝘯 𝘐 𝘰𝘧𝘧𝘦𝘳𝘦𝘥 𝘩𝘪𝘮 𝘢 𝘥𝘳𝘪𝘯𝘬 𝘩𝘦 𝘴𝘢𝘪𝘥, 𝘕𝘢𝘺, 𝘮𝘪𝘯𝘦 𝘣𝘳𝘶𝘥𝘥𝘦𝘳. 𝘐 𝘩𝘢𝘥 𝘢 𝘭𝘰𝘰𝘬 𝘢𝘵 𝘩𝘪𝘴 𝘣𝘳𝘰𝘵𝘩𝘦𝘳, 𝘩𝘦 𝘸𝘢𝘴 𝘯𝘰𝘵 𝘲𝘶𝘪𝘵𝘦 𝘥𝘦𝘢𝘥, 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘸𝘢𝘴 𝘣𝘭𝘦𝘦𝘥𝘪𝘯𝘨 𝘢𝘵 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘮𝘰𝘶𝘵𝘩. 𝘐 𝘱𝘰𝘶𝘳𝘦𝘥 𝘴𝘰𝘮𝘦 𝘸𝘢𝘵𝘦𝘳 𝘪𝘯𝘵𝘰 𝘩𝘪𝘴 𝘮𝘰𝘶𝘵𝘩, 𝘣𝘶𝘵 𝘩𝘦 𝘥𝘪𝘦𝘥 𝘷𝘦𝘳𝘺 𝘲𝘶𝘪𝘤𝘬𝘭𝘺. 𝘛𝘩𝘦 𝘣𝘶𝘭𝘭𝘦𝘵𝘴 𝘤𝘢𝘮𝘦 𝘱𝘳𝘦𝘵𝘵𝘺 𝘤𝘭𝘰𝘴𝘦, 𝘵𝘩𝘦𝘯, 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘴𝘩𝘦𝘭𝘭𝘴 𝘸𝘦𝘳𝘦 𝘣𝘶𝘳𝘴𝘵𝘪𝘯𝘨 𝘦𝘷𝘦𝘳𝘺𝘸𝘩𝘦𝘳𝘦, 𝘴𝘰 𝘐 𝘨𝘰𝘵 𝘶𝘯𝘥𝘦𝘳 𝘤𝘰𝘷𝘦𝘳, 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘬𝘦𝘱𝘵 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘉𝘰𝘦𝘳 𝘸𝘪𝘵𝘩 𝘮𝘦. 𝘏𝘦 𝘩𝘢𝘥 𝘵𝘩𝘳𝘰𝘸𝘯 𝘢𝘸𝘢𝘺 𝘩𝘪𝘴 𝘳𝘪𝘧𝘭𝘦, 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘐 𝘵𝘰𝘰𝘬 𝘸𝘩𝘢𝘵 𝘢𝘮𝘮𝘶𝘯𝘪𝘵𝘪𝘰𝘯 𝘩𝘦 𝘩𝘢𝘥. 𝘐 𝘩𝘢𝘥 𝘢 𝘺𝘢𝘳𝘯 𝘵𝘰 𝘩𝘪𝘮 𝘪𝘯 𝘣𝘳𝘰𝘬𝘦𝘯 𝘌𝘯𝘨𝘭𝘪𝘴𝘩. 𝘏𝘦 𝘵𝘰𝘭𝘥 𝘮𝘦 𝘩𝘪𝘴 𝘣𝘳𝘰𝘵𝘩𝘦𝘳 𝘸𝘢𝘴 𝘢 𝘧𝘪𝘦𝘭𝘥 𝘤𝘰𝘳𝘯𝘦𝘵, 𝘸𝘢𝘴 𝘮𝘢𝘳𝘳𝘪𝘦𝘥 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘩𝘢𝘥 𝘵𝘩𝘳𝘦𝘦 𝘧𝘢𝘳𝘮𝘴. 𝘏𝘦 𝘸𝘳𝘰𝘵𝘦 𝘥𝘰𝘸𝘯 𝘩𝘪𝘴 𝘯𝘢𝘮𝘦, 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘵𝘩𝘢𝘵 𝘰𝘧 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘱𝘭𝘢𝘤𝘦 𝘸𝘩𝘦𝘳𝘦 𝘸𝘦 𝘸𝘦𝘳𝘦 𝘧𝘪𝘨𝘩𝘵𝘪𝘯𝘨. 𝘞𝘩𝘪𝘭𝘦 𝘸𝘦 𝘸𝘦𝘳𝘦 𝘵𝘢𝘭𝘬𝘪𝘯𝘨 𝘢 𝘴𝘩𝘦𝘭𝘭 𝘣𝘶𝘳𝘴𝘵 𝘷𝘦𝘳𝘺 𝘤𝘭𝘰𝘴𝘦. 𝘐 𝘵𝘰𝘭𝘥 𝘩𝘪𝘮 𝘵𝘰 𝘬𝘦𝘦𝘱 𝘥𝘰𝘸𝘯. 𝘏𝘦 𝘴𝘢𝘪𝘥, 𝘛𝘩𝘦 𝘓𝘰𝘳𝘥 𝘸𝘢𝘵𝘤𝘩 𝘮𝘦, 𝘐 𝘳𝘦𝘱𝘭𝘪𝘦𝘥, 𝘠𝘦𝘴, 𝘣𝘶𝘵 𝘵𝘩𝘢𝘵 𝘸𝘰𝘯’𝘵 𝘴𝘵𝘰𝘱 𝘺𝘰𝘶 𝘧𝘳𝘰𝘮 𝘧𝘰𝘭𝘭𝘰𝘸𝘪𝘯𝘨 𝘺𝘰𝘶𝘳 𝘣𝘳𝘰𝘵𝘩𝘦𝘳. 𝘏𝘦 𝘴𝘢𝘪𝘥, 𝘩𝘪𝘴 𝘵𝘪𝘮𝘦 𝘤𝘰𝘮𝘦 𝘵𝘰 𝘨𝘰 𝘛𝘩𝘦 𝘓𝘰𝘳𝘥. 𝘚𝘰𝘮𝘦𝘰𝘯𝘦 𝘪𝘯 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘳𝘦𝘢𝘳 𝘵𝘩𝘦𝘯 𝘴𝘩𝘰𝘶𝘵𝘦𝘥 𝘰𝘶𝘵 𝘵𝘰 𝘣𝘳𝘪𝘯𝘨 𝘪𝘯 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘱𝘳𝘪𝘴𝘰𝘯𝘦𝘳. 𝘐 𝘨𝘰𝘵 𝘩𝘪𝘮 𝘩𝘪𝘴 𝘩𝘢𝘵, 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘮𝘢𝘥𝘦 𝘩𝘪𝘮 𝘶𝘯𝘥𝘦𝘳𝘴𝘵𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘩𝘦 𝘸𝘢𝘴 𝘵𝘰 𝘤𝘰𝘮𝘦 𝘸𝘪𝘵𝘩 𝘮𝘦. 𝘞𝘦 𝘮𝘢𝘥𝘦 𝘢 𝘴𝘵𝘢𝘳𝘵. 𝘛𝘩𝘰 𝘣𝘶𝘭𝘭𝘦𝘵𝘴 𝘤𝘢𝘮𝘦 𝘱𝘳𝘦𝘵𝘵𝘺 𝘵𝘩𝘪𝘤𝘬 𝘢𝘳𝘰𝘶𝘯𝘥 𝘶𝘴, 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘢 𝘱𝘰𝘮-𝘱𝘰𝘮 𝘴𝘵𝘳𝘶𝘤𝘬 𝘢 𝘭𝘪𝘵𝘵𝘭𝘦 𝘪𝘯 𝘧𝘳𝘰𝘯𝘵. 𝘛𝘩𝘦 𝘉𝘰𝘦𝘳 𝘥𝘳𝘰𝘱𝘱𝘦𝘥 𝘰𝘯 𝘩𝘪𝘴 𝘴𝘵𝘰𝘮𝘢𝘤𝘩, 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘸𝘰𝘶𝘭𝘥 𝘯𝘰𝘵 𝘮𝘰𝘷𝘦, 𝘥𝘦𝘴𝘱𝘪𝘵𝘦 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘨𝘳𝘦𝘢𝘵 𝘧𝘢𝘪𝘵𝘩 𝘩𝘦 𝘱𝘳𝘰𝘧𝘦𝘴𝘴𝘦𝘥 𝘵𝘰 𝘩𝘢𝘷𝘦. 𝘊𝘢𝘱𝘵𝘢𝘪𝘯 𝘏𝘪𝘭𝘭𝘪𝘢𝘳𝘥 𝘵𝘰𝘭𝘥 𝘮𝘦 𝘵𝘰 𝘳𝘦𝘮𝘢𝘪𝘯 𝘸𝘩𝘦𝘳𝘦 𝘸𝘦 𝘸𝘦𝘳𝘦. 𝘉𝘺 𝘵𝘩𝘪𝘴 𝘵𝘪𝘮𝘦 𝘪𝘵 𝘸𝘢𝘴 𝘤𝘭𝘰𝘴𝘦 𝘰𝘯 𝘥𝘶𝘴𝘬. 𝘈 𝘭𝘪𝘵𝘵𝘭𝘦 𝘢𝘧𝘵𝘦𝘳 𝘤𝘦𝘢𝘴𝘦 𝘧𝘪𝘳𝘪𝘯𝘨 𝘸𝘢𝘴 𝘰𝘳𝘥𝘦𝘳𝘦𝘥, 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘸𝘦 𝘢𝘭𝘭 𝘨𝘰𝘵 𝘵𝘰𝘨𝘦𝘵𝘩𝘦𝘳. 𝘐 𝘵𝘩𝘦𝘯 𝘭𝘦𝘢𝘳𝘯𝘵 𝘵𝘩𝘢𝘵 𝘓𝘪𝘦𝘶𝘵. 𝘋𝘳𝘢𝘨𝘦 [𝘗𝘦𝘳𝘤𝘺 𝘞𝘪𝘭𝘭𝘪𝘢𝘮 𝘊𝘩𝘢𝘯𝘵𝘦𝘳 𝘋𝘳𝘢𝘨𝘦] 𝘸𝘢𝘴 𝘥𝘦𝘢𝘥, 𝘴𝘩𝘰𝘵 𝘪𝘯 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘩𝘦𝘢𝘥 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘧𝘰𝘰𝘵; 𝘊𝘢𝘱𝘵𝘢𝘪𝘯 𝘏𝘰𝘭𝘮𝘦𝘴 𝘸𝘢𝘴 𝘸𝘰𝘶𝘯𝘥𝘦𝘥 𝘪𝘯 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘢𝘳𝘮; 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘔𝘳. 𝘓𝘪𝘨𝘨𝘪𝘯𝘴 (𝘮𝘺 𝘰𝘭𝘥 𝘴𝘦𝘳𝘨𝘦𝘢𝘯𝘵-𝘮𝘢𝘫𝘰𝘳 𝘰𝘧 𝘵𝘩𝘦 2𝘯𝘥 𝘙𝘦𝘨𝘪𝘮𝘦𝘯𝘵) 𝘢 𝘯𝘢𝘴𝘵𝘺 𝘸𝘰𝘶𝘯𝘥 𝘪𝘯 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘴𝘩𝘰𝘶𝘭𝘥𝘦𝘳. 𝘐 𝘨𝘰𝘵 𝘱𝘦𝘳𝘮𝘪𝘴𝘴𝘪𝘰𝘯 𝘵𝘰 𝘨𝘰 𝘢𝘭𝘰𝘯𝘨 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘬𝘰𝘱𝘫𝘦 𝘵𝘰 𝘴𝘦𝘦 𝘩𝘪𝘮, 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘸𝘦𝘯𝘵 𝘣𝘢𝘤𝘬 𝘸𝘪𝘵𝘩 𝘓𝘪𝘦𝘶𝘵𝘦𝘯𝘢𝘯𝘵 𝘋𝘰𝘷𝘦, 𝘣𝘶𝘵 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘢𝘮𝘣𝘶𝘭𝘢𝘯𝘤𝘦 𝘱𝘦𝘰𝘱𝘭𝘦 𝘩𝘢𝘥 𝘵𝘢𝘬𝘦𝘯 𝘩𝘪𝘮 𝘢𝘸𝘢𝘺 𝘸𝘩𝘦𝘯 𝘸𝘦 𝘨𝘰𝘵 𝘵𝘩𝘦𝘳𝘦. 𝘞𝘦 𝘳𝘦𝘮𝘢𝘪𝘯𝘦𝘥 𝘰𝘯 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘬𝘰𝘱𝘫𝘦 𝘢𝘭𝘭 𝘯𝘪𝘨𝘩𝘵, 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘩𝘢𝘥 𝘯𝘰 𝘴𝘭𝘦𝘦𝘱. 𝘐𝘯 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘮𝘰𝘳𝘯𝘪𝘯𝘨 𝘵𝘩𝘦 6𝘵𝘩 𝘔𝘰𝘶𝘯𝘵𝘦𝘥 𝘐𝘯𝘧𝘢𝘯𝘵𝘳𝘺 (𝘮𝘰𝘶𝘯𝘵𝘦𝘥 𝘛𝘰𝘮𝘮𝘪𝘦𝘴 𝘪𝘯 𝘰𝘶𝘳 𝘤𝘰𝘳𝘱𝘴) 𝘳𝘦𝘭𝘪𝘦𝘷𝘦𝘥 𝘶𝘴. 𝘓𝘰𝘰𝘬𝘪𝘯𝘨 𝘢𝘵 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘱𝘪𝘤𝘵𝘶𝘳𝘦 𝘪𝘯 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘥𝘢𝘺𝘭𝘪𝘨𝘩𝘵 𝘪𝘵 𝘴𝘦𝘦𝘮𝘦𝘥 𝘢 𝘮𝘢𝘳𝘷𝘦𝘭 𝘵𝘩𝘢𝘵 𝘸𝘦 𝘩𝘢𝘥 𝘴𝘰 𝘧𝘦𝘸 𝘤𝘢𝘴𝘶𝘢𝘭𝘵𝘪𝘦𝘴. 𝘛𝘩𝘦 𝘳𝘰𝘤𝘬𝘴 𝘢𝘧𝘧𝘰𝘳𝘥𝘦𝘥 𝘴𝘱𝘭𝘦𝘯𝘥𝘪𝘥 𝘤𝘰𝘷𝘦𝘳, 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘸𝘩𝘦𝘳𝘦 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘉𝘰𝘰𝘳 𝘨𝘶𝘯𝘴 𝘩𝘢𝘥 𝘣𝘦𝘦𝘯 𝘵𝘩𝘦𝘺 𝘤𝘰𝘶𝘭𝘥 𝘴𝘸𝘰𝘰𝘱 𝘦𝘷𝘦𝘳𝘺 𝘱𝘢𝘳𝘵 𝘰𝘧 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘱𝘭𝘢𝘤𝘦 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘸𝘩𝘢𝘵 𝘴𝘦𝘦𝘮𝘦𝘥 𝘮𝘰𝘳𝘦 𝘮𝘢𝘳𝘷𝘦𝘭𝘭𝘰𝘶𝘴 𝘸𝘢𝘴 𝘵𝘩𝘢𝘵 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘭𝘪𝘯𝘦𝘳𝘴 𝘴𝘩𝘰𝘶𝘭𝘥 𝘭𝘦𝘵 𝘴𝘶𝘤𝘩 𝘢 𝘴𝘱𝘭𝘦𝘯𝘥𝘪𝘥 𝘱𝘰𝘴𝘪𝘵𝘪𝘰𝘯 𝘣𝘦 𝘵𝘢𝘬𝘦𝘯 𝘴𝘰 𝘦𝘢𝘴𝘪𝘭𝘺. 𝘎𝘦𝘯𝘦𝘳𝘢𝘭 𝘐𝘢𝘯 𝘏𝘢𝘮𝘪𝘭𝘵𝘰𝘯 𝘴𝘦𝘯𝘵 𝘶𝘴 𝘩𝘪𝘴 𝘤𝘰𝘯𝘨𝘳𝘢𝘵𝘶𝘭𝘢𝘵𝘪𝘰𝘯𝘴, 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘴𝘢𝘪𝘥, 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘵𝘢𝘬𝘪𝘯𝘨 𝘰𝘧 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘬𝘰𝘱𝘫𝘦 𝘸𝘢𝘴 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘧𝘪𝘯𝘦𝘴𝘵 𝘵𝘩𝘪𝘯𝘨 𝘩𝘦 𝘩𝘢𝘥 𝘴𝘦𝘦𝘯 𝘪𝘯 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘸𝘩𝘰𝘭𝘦 𝘤𝘢𝘮𝘱𝘢𝘪𝘨𝘯. 𝘛𝘩𝘦 𝘧𝘰𝘭𝘭𝘰𝘸𝘪𝘯𝘨 𝘥𝘢𝘺 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘉𝘳𝘪𝘨𝘢𝘥𝘦 𝘊𝘰𝘮𝘮𝘢𝘯𝘥𝘦𝘳, 𝘎𝘦𝘯𝘦𝘳𝘢𝘭 𝘙𝘪𝘥𝘭𝘦𝘺 𝘩𝘢𝘥 𝘊𝘰𝘭𝘰𝘯𝘦𝘭 𝘥𝘦 𝘓𝘪𝘴𝘭𝘦’𝘴 𝘊𝘰𝘳𝘱𝘴 (𝘰𝘶𝘳𝘴𝘦𝘭𝘷𝘦𝘴, 𝘵𝘩𝘦 6𝘵𝘩 𝘔𝘰𝘶𝘯𝘵𝘦𝘥 𝘐𝘯𝘧𝘢𝘯𝘵𝘳𝘺, 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘞𝘦𝘴𝘵 𝘈𝘶𝘴𝘵𝘳𝘢𝘭𝘪𝘢𝘯𝘴) 𝘧𝘰𝘳𝘮𝘦𝘥 𝘶𝘱, 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘤𝘰𝘯𝘨𝘳𝘢𝘵𝘶𝘭𝘢𝘵𝘦𝘥 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘤𝘰𝘳𝘱𝘴 𝘰𝘯 𝘪𝘵𝘴 𝘦𝘹𝘤𝘦𝘭𝘭𝘦𝘯𝘵 𝘸𝘰𝘳𝘬 ; 𝘵𝘩𝘢𝘵 𝘰𝘧 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘕.𝘚.𝘞. 𝘔𝘰𝘶𝘯𝘵𝘦𝘥 𝘐𝘯𝘧𝘢𝘯𝘵𝘳𝘺, 𝘩𝘦 𝘴𝘢𝘪𝘥, 𝘸𝘢𝘴 𝘮𝘰𝘴𝘵 𝘢𝘥𝘮𝘪𝘳𝘢𝘣𝘭𝘦. 𝘉𝘦𝘧𝘰𝘳𝘦 𝘥𝘪𝘴𝘮𝘪𝘴𝘴𝘪𝘯𝘨, 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘤𝘢𝘱𝘵𝘢𝘪𝘯 𝘰𝘧 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘤𝘰𝘮𝘱𝘢𝘯𝘺 𝘰𝘧 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘎𝘰𝘳𝘥𝘰𝘯𝘴 𝘸𝘪𝘵𝘩 𝘵𝘩𝘦 (6𝘵𝘩 𝘔.𝘐.) 𝘤𝘢𝘭𝘭𝘦𝘥 𝘧𝘳𝘰𝘮 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘎𝘰𝘳𝘥𝘰𝘯𝘴 𝘧𝘰𝘳 𝘵𝘩𝘳𝘦𝘦 𝘤𝘩𝘦𝘦𝘳𝘴 𝘧𝘰𝘳 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘕𝘦𝘸 𝘚𝘰𝘶𝘵𝘩 𝘞𝘢𝘭𝘦𝘴 𝘣𝘰𝘺𝘴 𝘧𝘰𝘳 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘸𝘢𝘺 𝘵𝘩𝘦𝘺 𝘵𝘰𝘰𝘬 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘬𝘰𝘱𝘫𝘦, 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘐 𝘤𝘢𝘯 𝘵𝘦𝘭𝘭 𝘺𝘰𝘶 𝘸𝘦 𝘧𝘦𝘭𝘵 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘩𝘰𝘯𝘰𝘶𝘳. 𝘈 𝘤𝘩𝘦𝘦𝘳 𝘧𝘳𝘰𝘮 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘎𝘰𝘳𝘥𝘰𝘯𝘴 𝘪𝘴 𝘸𝘰𝘳𝘵𝘩 𝘩𝘢𝘷𝘪𝘯𝘨. 𝘖𝘧 𝘤𝘰𝘶𝘳𝘴𝘦 𝘸𝘦 𝘳𝘦𝘵𝘶𝘳𝘯𝘦𝘥 𝘪𝘵. 𝘋𝘰𝘯𝘬𝘦𝘳𝘩𝘰𝘦𝘬 𝘪𝘴 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘯𝘢𝘮𝘦 𝘰𝘧 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘱𝘭𝘢𝘤𝘦 𝘸𝘩𝘦𝘳𝘦 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘦𝘯𝘨𝘢𝘨𝘦𝘮𝘦𝘯𝘵 𝘸𝘢𝘴 𝘧𝘰𝘶𝘨𝘩𝘵, 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘐 𝘵𝘩𝘪𝘯𝘬 𝘵𝘩𝘦𝘺 𝘤𝘢𝘭𝘭 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘬𝘰𝘱𝘫𝘦, 𝘋𝘪𝘢𝘮𝘰𝘯𝘥 𝘏𝘪𝘭𝘭. 𝘐 𝘩𝘢𝘷𝘦 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘨𝘭𝘢𝘴𝘴𝘦𝘴, 𝘢 𝘤𝘢𝘭𝘦𝘯𝘥𝘢𝘳 𝘸𝘢𝘵𝘤𝘩, 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘣𝘢𝘯𝘥𝘰𝘭𝘪𝘦𝘳 𝘣𝘦𝘭𝘰𝘯𝘨𝘪𝘯𝘨 𝘵𝘰 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘥𝘦𝘢𝘥 𝘉𝘰𝘦𝘳”⁣
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Heidelberg 23 June 1900⁣
Wittebergen July 1900⁣
Palmietfontein 19 July 1900⁣
Vredefort 24 July 1900⁣
Venterskroom 7 August 1900⁣
Alexanderfontein 14 August 1900⁣
Boschfontein 10 September 1900⁣
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On 8 October, the Premier on NSW received a cablegram from the High Commissioner for South Africa, announcing that among others, No. 158, SGT Braun, is in Woodstock Hospital and will shortly be invalided to Australia. However, as reported in the Evening News (Sydney) on Tuesday, 8 Jan 1901, Page 7 - Charlie was instead invalided to England where he met the Queen⁣
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𝐒𝐲𝐝𝐧𝐞𝐲 “𝐈𝐧𝐯𝐚𝐥𝐢𝐝𝐬” 𝐈𝐧 𝐄𝐧𝐠𝐥𝐚𝐧𝐝 - 𝐀 𝐕𝐢𝐬𝐢𝐭 𝐓𝐨 𝐓𝐡𝐞 𝐐𝐮𝐞𝐞𝐧 (𝐩𝐮𝐛𝐥𝐢𝐬𝐡𝐞𝐝 𝐢𝐧 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐒𝐲𝐝𝐧𝐞𝐲 𝐄𝐯𝐞𝐧𝐢𝐧𝐠 𝐍𝐞𝐰𝐬 𝟖 𝐉𝐚𝐧𝐮𝐚𝐫𝐲 𝟏𝟗𝟎𝟏) - Sergeant C. L. Braun, of the N.S.W. Mounted Infantry, who was one of the colonial troops in invalided from the Cape to England, writing to his parents in Sydney, gives a glowing account of the welcome the men are everywhere receiving - “𝘏𝘦 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘣𝘪𝘴 𝘤𝘰𝘮𝘳𝘢𝘥𝘦𝘴 𝘢𝘳𝘳𝘪𝘷𝘦𝘥 𝘢𝘵 𝘚𝘰𝘶𝘵𝘩𝘢𝘮𝘱𝘵𝘰𝘯 𝘰𝘯 𝘕𝘰𝘷𝘦𝘮𝘣𝘦𝘳 10, 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘸𝘦𝘯𝘵 𝘵𝘩𝘦𝘯𝘤𝘦 𝘵𝘰 𝘍𝘰𝘳𝘵 𝘉𝘳𝘰𝘤𝘬𝘩𝘶𝘳𝘴𝘵, 𝘯𝘦𝘢𝘳 𝘗𝘰𝘳𝘵𝘴𝘮𝘰𝘶𝘵𝘩. 𝘏𝘦𝘳𝘦 𝘵𝘩𝘦𝘺 𝘸𝘦𝘳𝘦 𝘪𝘯𝘴𝘱𝘦𝘤𝘵𝘦𝘥, 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘵𝘩𝘰𝘴𝘦 𝘸𝘩𝘰𝘴𝘦 𝘶𝘯𝘪𝘧𝘰𝘳𝘮 𝘸𝘢𝘴 𝘪𝘯 𝘧𝘪𝘵 𝘤𝘰𝘯𝘥𝘪𝘵𝘪𝘰𝘯 𝘸𝘦𝘳𝘦 𝘨𝘪𝘷𝘦𝘯 𝘵𝘸𝘰 𝘸𝘦𝘦𝘬𝘴 𝘧𝘶𝘳𝘭𝘰𝘶𝘨𝘩 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘢𝘯 𝘢𝘥𝘷𝘢𝘯𝘤𝘦 𝘰𝘧 𝘱𝘢𝘺, 𝘪𝘯 𝘩𝘪𝘴 𝘤𝘢𝘴𝘦 £4, 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘸𝘦𝘳𝘦 𝘵𝘰𝘭𝘥 𝘵𝘩𝘢𝘵 𝘪𝘧 𝘧𝘶𝘳𝘵𝘩𝘦𝘳 𝘧𝘶𝘳𝘭𝘰𝘶𝘨𝘩 𝘰𝘳 𝘢𝘥𝘷𝘢𝘯𝘤𝘦 𝘸𝘢𝘴 𝘳𝘦𝘲𝘶𝘪𝘳𝘦𝘥 𝘵𝘰 𝘢𝘱𝘱𝘭𝘺 𝘧𝘰𝘳 𝘪𝘵 𝘢𝘵 𝘚𝘩𝘰𝘳𝘯𝘤𝘭𝘪𝘧𝘧𝘦 (𝘯𝘦𝘢𝘳 𝘋𝘰𝘷𝘦𝘳), 𝘸𝘩𝘦𝘳𝘦 𝘢 𝘥𝘦𝘱𝘰𝘵 𝘩𝘢𝘥 𝘣𝘦𝘦𝘯 𝘦𝘴𝘵𝘢𝘣𝘭𝘪𝘴𝘩𝘦𝘥 𝘧𝘰𝘳 𝘤𝘰𝘭𝘰𝘯𝘪𝘢𝘭𝘴. 𝘚𝘦𝘳𝘨𝘦𝘢𝘯𝘵 𝘉𝘳𝘢𝘶𝘯 𝘢𝘭𝘴𝘰 𝘨𝘰𝘵 𝘧𝘳𝘦𝘦 𝘢 𝘵𝘪𝘤𝘬𝘦𝘵 𝘧𝘰𝘳 𝘉𝘦𝘭𝘧𝘢𝘴𝘵, 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘢𝘯 𝘰𝘳𝘥𝘦𝘳 𝘧𝘰𝘳 𝘢𝘯𝘰𝘵𝘩𝘦𝘳 𝘧𝘳𝘰𝘮 𝘵𝘩𝘦𝘳𝘦 𝘵𝘰 𝘉𝘢𝘭𝘭𝘪𝘯𝘢, 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘢 𝘳𝘦𝘵𝘶𝘳𝘯 𝘵𝘰 𝘚𝘩𝘰𝘳𝘯𝘤𝘭𝘪𝘧𝘧𝘦. 𝘏𝘦 𝘸𝘦𝘯𝘵 𝘰𝘯 𝘵𝘰 𝘓𝘰𝘯𝘥𝘰𝘯, 𝘴𝘢𝘸 𝘷𝘢𝘳𝘪𝘰𝘶𝘴 𝘴𝘪𝘨𝘩𝘵𝘴 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘢𝘵 𝘞𝘦𝘭𝘭𝘪𝘯𝘨𝘵𝘰𝘯 𝘉𝘢𝘳𝘳𝘢𝘤𝘬𝘴 𝘮𝘦𝘵 𝘚𝘦𝘳𝘨𝘦𝘢𝘯𝘵 𝘔𝘢𝘤𝘬𝘦𝘯𝘻𝘪𝘦, 𝘰𝘧 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘚𝘤𝘰𝘵𝘴' 𝘎𝘶𝘢𝘳𝘥𝘴, 𝘸𝘩𝘰 𝘪𝘴 𝘯𝘰𝘸 𝘪𝘯 𝘚𝘺𝘥𝘯𝘦𝘺 𝘸𝘪𝘵𝘩 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘐𝘮𝘱𝘦𝘳𝘪𝘢𝘭 𝘊𝘰𝘯𝘵𝘪𝘯𝘨𝘦𝘯𝘵, 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘥𝘪𝘯𝘦𝘥 𝘢𝘵 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘚𝘦𝘳𝘨𝘦𝘢𝘯𝘵𝘴 𝘮𝘦𝘴𝘴. 𝘎𝘰𝘪𝘯𝘨 𝘩𝘰𝘮𝘦𝘸𝘢𝘳𝘥𝘴 𝘵𝘩𝘳𝘰𝘶𝘨𝘩 𝘏𝘺𝘥𝘦 𝘗𝘢𝘳𝘬 𝘩𝘦 𝘤𝘳𝘦𝘢𝘵𝘦𝘥 𝘢 𝘴𝘦𝘯𝘴𝘢𝘵𝘪𝘰𝘯 𝘣𝘺 “𝘤𝘰𝘰-𝘦𝘦𝘪𝘯𝘨” 𝘵𝘰 𝘢 𝘤𝘰𝘮𝘳𝘢𝘥𝘦 𝘢𝘵 𝘢 𝘥𝘪𝘴𝘵𝘢𝘯𝘤𝘦. 𝘕𝘦𝘹𝘵 𝘦𝘷𝘦𝘯𝘪𝘯𝘨 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘤𝘰𝘭𝘰𝘯𝘪𝘢𝘭𝘴 𝘸𝘦𝘯𝘵 𝘵𝘰 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘗𝘢𝘭𝘢𝘤𝘦 𝘰𝘧 𝘝𝘢𝘳𝘪𝘦𝘵𝘪𝘦𝘴, 𝘢𝘵 𝘎𝘳𝘦𝘦𝘯𝘸𝘪𝘤𝘩, 𝘸𝘩𝘦𝘳𝘦 𝘵𝘩𝘦𝘺 𝘸𝘦𝘳𝘦 𝘴𝘱𝘭𝘦𝘯𝘥𝘪𝘥𝘭𝘺 𝘦𝘯𝘵𝘦𝘳𝘵𝘢𝘪𝘯𝘦𝘥, 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘢𝘵 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘤𝘰𝘯𝘤𝘭𝘶𝘴𝘪𝘰𝘯 𝘰𝘧 𝘢 𝘱𝘢𝘵𝘳𝘪𝘰𝘵𝘪𝘤 𝘴𝘰𝘯𝘨 𝘵𝘩𝘦𝘳𝘦 𝘸𝘢𝘴 𝘲𝘶𝘪𝘵𝘦 𝘢 𝘥𝘦𝘮𝘰𝘯𝘴𝘵𝘳𝘢𝘵𝘪𝘰𝘯; 𝘩𝘢𝘵𝘴 𝘰𝘧 𝘈𝘶𝘴𝘵𝘳𝘢𝘭𝘪𝘢𝘯𝘴, 𝘊𝘢𝘯𝘢𝘥𝘪𝘢𝘯𝘴, 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘚𝘰𝘶𝘵𝘩 𝘈𝘧𝘳𝘪𝘤𝘢𝘯𝘴 𝘸𝘦𝘳𝘦 𝘵𝘩𝘳𝘰𝘸𝘯 𝘰𝘯 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘴𝘵𝘢𝘨𝘦, 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘤𝘩𝘦𝘦𝘳𝘪𝘯𝘨, 𝘺𝘦𝘭𝘭𝘪𝘯𝘨, 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘤𝘰𝘰-𝘦𝘦𝘪𝘯𝘨 𝘸𝘢𝘴 𝘥𝘦𝘢𝘧𝘦𝘯𝘪𝘯𝘨. 𝘈 𝘷𝘪𝘴𝘪𝘵 𝘵𝘰 𝘊𝘢𝘮𝘣𝘳𝘪𝘥𝘨𝘦 𝘤𝘢𝘮𝘦 𝘯𝘦𝘹𝘵 𝘈𝘵 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘳𝘢𝘪𝘭𝘸𝘢𝘺 𝘴𝘵𝘢𝘵𝘪𝘰𝘯 𝘵𝘩𝘦𝘺 𝘩𝘢𝘥 𝘢 𝘴𝘱𝘭𝘦𝘯𝘥𝘪𝘥 𝘳𝘦𝘤𝘦𝘱𝘵𝘪𝘰𝘯, 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘵𝘩𝘦𝘯, 𝘩𝘦𝘢𝘥𝘦𝘥 𝘣𝘺 𝘵𝘸𝘰 𝘣𝘢𝘯𝘥𝘴, 𝘮𝘢𝘳𝘤𝘩𝘦𝘥 𝘵𝘰 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘎𝘶𝘪𝘭𝘥𝘩𝘢𝘭𝘭, 𝘸𝘩𝘦𝘳𝘦 𝘵𝘩𝘦𝘺 𝘩𝘢𝘥 𝘭𝘶𝘯𝘤𝘩𝘦𝘰𝘯. 𝘈𝘧𝘵𝘦𝘳𝘸𝘢𝘳𝘥𝘴 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘷𝘪𝘴𝘪𝘵𝘰𝘳𝘴 𝘸𝘦𝘳𝘦 𝘵𝘢𝘬𝘦𝘯 𝘪𝘯 𝘱𝘢𝘳𝘵𝘪𝘦𝘴 𝘳𝘰𝘶𝘯𝘥 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘥𝘪𝘧𝘧𝘦𝘳𝘦𝘯𝘵 𝘤𝘰𝘭𝘭𝘦𝘨𝘦𝘴, 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘪𝘯 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘦𝘷𝘦𝘯𝘪𝘯𝘨 𝘥𝘪𝘯𝘦𝘥 𝘪𝘯 𝘣𝘢𝘵𝘤𝘩𝘦𝘴, 𝘢𝘧𝘵𝘦𝘳 𝘢 𝘴𝘱𝘦𝘤𝘪𝘢𝘭 𝘴𝘦𝘳𝘷𝘪𝘤𝘦 𝘪𝘯 𝘒𝘪𝘯𝘨'𝘴 𝘊𝘰𝘭𝘭𝘦𝘨𝘦 𝘊𝘩𝘢𝘱𝘦𝘭. 𝘚𝘦𝘳𝘨𝘦𝘢𝘯𝘵 𝘉𝘳𝘢𝘶𝘯’𝘴 𝘱𝘢𝘳𝘵𝘺 𝘥𝘪𝘯𝘦𝘥 𝘢𝘵 𝘒𝘪𝘯𝘨’𝘴 𝘊𝘰𝘭𝘭𝘦𝘨𝘦, 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘪𝘯 𝘵𝘩𝘦𝘪𝘳 𝘩𝘰𝘯𝘰𝘳 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘰𝘭𝘥𝘦𝘴𝘵 𝘳𝘶𝘭𝘦 𝘰𝘧 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘤𝘰𝘭𝘭𝘦𝘨𝘦 — 𝘯𝘰 𝘵𝘰𝘢𝘴𝘵𝘴 𝘵𝘰 𝘣𝘦 𝘱𝘳𝘰𝘱𝘰𝘴𝘦𝘥 𝘢𝘵 𝘥𝘪𝘯𝘯𝘦𝘳 — 𝘸𝘢𝘴 𝘣𝘳𝘰𝘬𝘦𝘯, 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘥𝘪𝘥𝘯’𝘵 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘶𝘯𝘥𝘦𝘳𝘨𝘳𝘢𝘥𝘶𝘢𝘵𝘦𝘴 𝘺𝘦𝘭𝘭 𝘸𝘩𝘦𝘯 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘗𝘳𝘰𝘷𝘰𝘴𝘵 (𝘔𝘳. 𝘈𝘶𝘴𝘵𝘦𝘯 𝘓𝘦𝘪𝘨𝘩) 𝘱𝘳𝘰𝘱𝘰𝘴𝘦𝘥 𝘰𝘶𝘳 𝘩𝘦𝘢𝘭𝘵𝘩, 𝘵𝘰 𝘸𝘩𝘪𝘤𝘩 𝘐 𝘳𝘦𝘱𝘭𝘪𝘦𝘥. 𝘈𝘧𝘵𝘦𝘳 𝘥𝘪𝘯𝘯𝘦𝘳 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘴𝘵𝘶𝘥𝘦𝘯𝘵𝘴 𝘴𝘩𝘰𝘶𝘭𝘥𝘦𝘳𝘦𝘥 𝘶𝘴 𝘢𝘤𝘳𝘰𝘴𝘴 𝘵𝘰 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘊𝘰𝘯𝘴𝘦𝘳𝘷𝘢𝘵𝘪𝘷𝘦 𝘊𝘭𝘶𝘣, 𝘸𝘩𝘦𝘳𝘦 𝘢 𝘴𝘮𝘰𝘬𝘦-𝘰𝘩 𝘸𝘢𝘴 𝘩𝘦𝘭𝘥. 𝘖𝘹𝘧𝘰𝘳𝘥 𝘸𝘢𝘴 𝘯𝘦𝘹𝘵 𝘷𝘪𝘴𝘪𝘵𝘦𝘥; 𝘣𝘶𝘵 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘳𝘦𝘤𝘦𝘱𝘵𝘪𝘰𝘯 𝘵𝘩𝘦𝘳𝘦 𝘸𝘢𝘴 𝘯𝘰𝘵 𝘦𝘲𝘶𝘢𝘭 𝘵𝘰 𝘵𝘩𝘢𝘵 𝘨𝘪𝘷𝘦𝘯 𝘵𝘩𝘦𝘮 𝘣𝘺 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘊𝘢𝘯𝘵𝘢𝘣𝘴; 𝘣𝘶𝘵 𝘵𝘩𝘪𝘴 𝘸𝘢𝘴 𝘥𝘶𝘦 𝘵𝘰 𝘴𝘰𝘮𝘦 𝘮𝘪𝘴𝘵𝘢𝘬𝘦 𝘢𝘴 𝘵𝘰 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘵𝘪𝘮𝘦 𝘰𝘪 𝘢𝘳𝘳𝘪𝘷𝘢𝘭. 𝘈𝘭𝘵𝘦𝘳 𝘵𝘦𝘢 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘱𝘢𝘳𝘵𝘺 𝘸𝘦𝘯𝘵 𝘵𝘰 𝘢 𝘮𝘶𝘴𝘪𝘤 𝘩𝘢𝘭𝘭, 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘵𝘩𝘦𝘯 𝘵𝘰 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘙𝘰𝘺𝘢𝘭 𝘸𝘩𝘦𝘳𝘦 𝘍𝘳𝘢𝘯𝘬 𝘛𝘩𝘰𝘳𝘯𝘵𝘰𝘯 𝘸𝘢𝘴 𝘱𝘭𝘢𝘺𝘪𝘯𝘨 '𝘗𝘢𝘤𝘪𝘯𝘨 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘔𝘶𝘴𝘪𝘤.' 𝘕𝘦𝘹𝘵 𝘥𝘢𝘺 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘴𝘪𝘨𝘩𝘵𝘴 𝘰𝘧 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘤𝘪𝘵𝘺 𝘸𝘦𝘳𝘦, 𝘷𝘪𝘴𝘪𝘵𝘦𝘥, 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘔𝘢𝘳𝘵𝘺𝘳𝘴 𝘔𝘦𝘮𝘰𝘳𝘪𝘢𝘭 (𝘰𝘯 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘴𝘪𝘵𝘦 𝘰𝘧 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘣𝘶𝘳𝘯𝘪𝘯𝘨 𝘰𝘧 𝘓𝘢𝘵𝘪𝘮𝘦𝘳𝘴, 𝘙𝘪𝘥𝘭𝘦𝘺, 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘊𝘳𝘢𝘯𝘮𝘦𝘳) 𝘴𝘱𝘦𝘤𝘪𝘢𝘭𝘭𝘺 𝘯𝘰𝘵𝘪𝘤𝘦𝘥. 𝘛𝘩𝘦𝘺 𝘭𝘶𝘯𝘤𝘩𝘦𝘥 𝘢𝘵 𝘊𝘩𝘳𝘪𝘴𝘵 𝘊𝘩𝘶𝘳𝘤𝘩, 𝘸𝘩𝘦𝘳𝘦 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘋𝘦𝘢𝘯 (𝘋𝘳. 𝘗𝘢𝘨𝘦𝘵) 𝘪𝘯𝘧𝘰𝘳𝘮𝘦𝘥 𝘚𝘦𝘳𝘨𝘦𝘢𝘯𝘵 𝘉𝘳𝘢𝘶𝘯 𝘵𝘩𝘢𝘵 𝘵𝘩𝘦𝘺 𝘸𝘦𝘳𝘦 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘧𝘪𝘳𝘴𝘵 𝘵𝘳𝘰𝘰𝘱𝘴 𝘸𝘩𝘰 𝘩𝘢𝘥 𝘩𝘢𝘥 𝘢 𝘮𝘦𝘢𝘭 𝘢𝘵 𝘵𝘩𝘢𝘵 𝘱𝘭𝘢𝘤𝘦 '𝘧𝘰𝘳 500 𝘺𝘦𝘢𝘳𝘴. 𝘖𝘯 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘮𝘦𝘯𝘶 𝘤𝘢𝘳𝘥𝘴 𝘰𝘧 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘷𝘪𝘴𝘪𝘵𝘰𝘳𝘴 𝘵𝘩𝘰𝘴𝘦 𝘱𝘳𝘦𝘴𝘦𝘯𝘵 𝘸𝘳𝘰𝘵𝘦 𝘵𝘩𝘦𝘪𝘳 𝘯𝘢𝘮𝘦𝘴, 𝘢𝘮𝘰𝘯𝘨 𝘵𝘩𝘦𝘮 𝘣𝘦𝘪𝘯𝘨 𝘋𝘳. 𝘋𝘳𝘪𝘷𝘦𝘳, 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘙𝘦𝘨𝘪𝘶𝘴 𝘗𝘳𝘰𝘧𝘦𝘴𝘴𝘰𝘳 𝘰𝘧 𝘏𝘦𝘣𝘳𝘦𝘸. 𝘛𝘩𝘦 𝘱𝘢𝘳𝘵𝘺 𝘸𝘢𝘴 𝘢𝘧𝘵𝘦𝘳𝘸𝘢𝘳𝘥𝘴 𝘱𝘩𝘰𝘵𝘰𝘨𝘳𝘢𝘱𝘩𝘦𝘥. 𝘍𝘳𝘰𝘮 𝘊𝘩𝘳𝘪𝘴𝘵 𝘊𝘩𝘶𝘳𝘤𝘩 𝘵𝘩𝘦𝘺 𝘸𝘦𝘯𝘵 𝘵𝘰 𝘢 𝘧𝘰𝘰𝘵𝘣𝘢𝘭𝘭 𝘮𝘢𝘵𝘤𝘩—𝘔𝘢𝘨𝘥𝘢𝘭𝘦𝘯 𝘊𝘰𝘭𝘭𝘦𝘨𝘦 𝘢𝘨𝘢𝘪𝘯𝘴𝘵 𝘜𝘯𝘪𝘷𝘦𝘳𝘴𝘪𝘵𝘺 𝘊𝘰𝘭𝘭𝘦𝘨𝘦. 𝘈𝘧𝘵𝘦𝘳𝘯𝘰𝘰𝘯 𝘵𝘦𝘢 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘢 𝘱𝘭𝘦𝘢𝘴𝘢𝘯𝘵 𝘤𝘩𝘢𝘵 𝘢𝘵 𝘔𝘢𝘨𝘥𝘢𝘭𝘦𝘯 𝘸𝘪𝘵𝘩 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘶𝘯𝘥𝘦𝘳𝘨𝘳𝘢𝘥𝘴, 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘵𝘩𝘦𝘯 𝘥𝘪𝘯𝘯𝘦𝘳 𝘢𝘵 𝘌𝘹𝘦𝘵𝘦𝘳 𝘊𝘰𝘭𝘭𝘦𝘨𝘦. 𝘐𝘯 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘦𝘷𝘦𝘯𝘪𝘯𝘨 𝘵𝘩𝘦𝘳𝘦 𝘸𝘢𝘴 𝘢 𝘤𝘰𝘯𝘤𝘦𝘳𝘵 𝘢𝘵 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘎𝘶𝘪𝘭𝘥𝘩𝘢𝘭𝘭, 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘢𝘯𝘰𝘵𝘩𝘦𝘳 𝘷𝘪𝘴𝘪𝘵 𝘵𝘰 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘵𝘩𝘦𝘢𝘵𝘳𝘦. 𝘍𝘳𝘢𝘯𝘬 𝘛𝘩𝘰𝘳𝘯𝘵𝘰𝘯 𝘥𝘦𝘴𝘪𝘳𝘦𝘥 𝘵𝘰 𝘣𝘦 𝘳𝘦𝘮𝘦𝘮𝘣𝘦𝘳𝘦𝘥 𝘵𝘰 𝘰𝘭𝘥 𝘚𝘺𝘥𝘯𝘦𝘺 𝘧𝘳𝘪𝘦𝘯𝘥𝘴, 𝘦𝘴𝘱𝘦𝘤𝘪𝘢𝘭𝘭𝘺 '𝘎𝘰𝘰𝘥𝘺.' 𝘍𝘳𝘰𝘮 𝘖𝘹𝘧𝘰𝘳𝘥 𝘵𝘰 𝘞𝘪𝘯𝘥𝘴𝘰𝘳, 𝘸𝘩𝘦𝘳𝘦 𝘵𝘩𝘦𝘺 𝘮𝘢𝘳𝘤𝘩𝘦𝘥 𝘵𝘰 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘎𝘳𝘦𝘯𝘢𝘥𝘪𝘦𝘳 𝘎𝘶𝘢𝘳𝘥𝘴 𝘉𝘢𝘳𝘳𝘢𝘤𝘬𝘴, 𝘸𝘩𝘦𝘳𝘦 𝘤𝘰𝘢𝘵𝘴 𝘸𝘦𝘳𝘦 𝘭𝘦𝘧𝘵, 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘵𝘩𝘦𝘯 𝘵𝘰 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘊𝘢𝘴𝘵𝘭𝘦, 𝘛𝘩𝘦𝘳𝘦 𝘵𝘩𝘦𝘺 𝘸𝘦𝘳𝘦 𝘴𝘩𝘰𝘸𝘯, 𝘢𝘮𝘰𝘯𝘨 𝘰𝘵𝘩𝘦𝘳 𝘵𝘩𝘪𝘯𝘨𝘴, 𝘪𝘯 𝘢 𝘷𝘦𝘳𝘺 𝘱𝘳𝘰𝘮𝘪𝘯𝘦𝘯𝘵 𝘱𝘭𝘢𝘤𝘦, 𝘢 𝘤𝘢𝘴𝘬𝘦𝘵 𝘱𝘳𝘦𝘴𝘦𝘯𝘵𝘦𝘥 𝘣𝘺 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘑𝘦𝘸𝘴 𝘰𝘧 𝘕𝘦𝘸 𝘚𝘰𝘶𝘵𝘩 𝘞𝘢𝘭𝘦𝘴 𝘢𝘵 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘑𝘶𝘣𝘪𝘭𝘦𝘦. 𝘐𝘯 𝘨𝘰𝘪𝘯𝘨 𝘰𝘷𝘦𝘳 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘊𝘢𝘴𝘵𝘭𝘦 𝘵𝘩𝘦𝘺 𝘸𝘦𝘯𝘵 𝘶𝘱 𝘢 𝘴𝘵𝘢𝘪𝘳𝘤𝘢𝘴𝘦, 𝘸𝘩𝘪𝘤𝘩 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘢𝘵𝘵𝘦𝘯𝘥𝘢𝘯𝘵 𝘵𝘰𝘭𝘥 𝘵𝘩𝘦𝘮 𝘸𝘢𝘴 𝘰𝘯𝘭𝘺 𝘶𝘴𝘦𝘥 𝘣𝘺 𝘚𝘰𝘷𝘦𝘳𝘦𝘪𝘨𝘯𝘴 𝘷𝘪𝘴𝘪𝘵𝘪𝘯𝘨 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘘𝘶𝘦𝘦𝘯. 𝘛𝘩𝘦𝘯 𝘤𝘢𝘮𝘦 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘱𝘳𝘦𝘴𝘦𝘯𝘵𝘢𝘵𝘪𝘰𝘯 𝘵𝘰 𝘩𝘦𝘳 𝘔𝘢𝘫𝘦𝘴𝘵𝘺. 𝘛𝘩𝘦 𝘕𝘦𝘸 𝘚𝘰𝘶𝘵𝘩 𝘞𝘢𝘭𝘦𝘴 𝘮𝘦𝘯 𝘭𝘦𝘥 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘸𝘢𝘺. 𝘛𝘩𝘦𝘯 𝘤𝘢𝘮𝘦 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘝𝘪𝘤𝘵𝘰𝘳𝘪𝘢𝘯𝘴, 𝘴𝘪𝘹 𝘪𝘯 𝘯𝘶𝘮𝘣𝘦𝘳, 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘘𝘶𝘦𝘦𝘯𝘴𝘭𝘢𝘯𝘥𝘦𝘳𝘴 𝘵𝘩𝘳𝘦𝘦, 𝘰𝘯𝘦 𝘛𝘢𝘴𝘮𝘢𝘯𝘪𝘢𝘯, 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘊𝘢𝘯𝘢𝘥𝘪𝘢𝘯𝘴, 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘚𝘰𝘶𝘵𝘩 𝘈𝘧𝘳𝘪𝘤𝘢𝘯𝘴. 𝘐𝘯 𝘵𝘩𝘢𝘵 𝘰𝘳𝘥𝘦𝘳 𝘸𝘦 𝘸𝘦𝘯𝘵 𝘣𝘦𝘧𝘰𝘳𝘦 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘘𝘶𝘦𝘦𝘯. 𝘕𝘦𝘸 𝘚𝘰𝘶𝘵𝘩 𝘞𝘢𝘭𝘦𝘴 𝘸𝘢𝘴 𝘳𝘦𝘱𝘳𝘦𝘴𝘦𝘯𝘵𝘦𝘥 𝘣𝘺 𝘈𝘶𝘴𝘵𝘳𝘢𝘭𝘪𝘢𝘯 𝘏𝘰𝘳𝘴𝘦, 𝘚𝘦𝘳𝘨𝘦𝘢𝘯𝘵 𝘓𝘦𝘨𝘨𝘦; 𝘔𝘰𝘶𝘯𝘵𝘦𝘥 𝘙𝘪𝘧𝘭𝘦𝘴, 𝘚𝘦𝘳𝘨𝘦𝘢𝘯𝘵 𝘉𝘳𝘢𝘶𝘯, 𝘗𝘳𝘪𝘷𝘢𝘵𝘦𝘴 𝘒𝘳𝘦𝘯𝘴𝘦𝘳, 𝘛𝘦𝘱𝘱𝘦𝘳, 𝘙𝘶𝘴𝘴𝘦𝘭𝘭, 𝘞𝘪𝘭𝘬𝘪𝘯𝘴𝘰𝘯, 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘖'𝘊𝘰𝘯𝘯𝘰𝘳; 𝘉𝘶𝘴𝘩𝘮𝘦𝘯, 𝘗𝘳𝘪𝘷𝘢𝘵𝘦 𝘏𝘶𝘯𝘵; 𝘈𝘳𝘮𝘺 𝘔𝘦𝘥𝘪𝘤𝘢𝘭 𝘊𝘰𝘳𝘱𝘴, 𝘍𝘪𝘯𝘭𝘢𝘺, 𝘉𝘰𝘸𝘮𝘢𝘯, 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘉𝘶𝘳𝘯𝘴. 𝘞𝘦 𝘮𝘢𝘳𝘤𝘩𝘦𝘥 𝘪𝘯 𝘴𝘦𝘤𝘵𝘪𝘰𝘯𝘴 𝘰𝘧 𝘤𝘰𝘭𝘰𝘯𝘪𝘦𝘴 𝘵𝘰 𝘸𝘩𝘦𝘳𝘦 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘘𝘶𝘦𝘦𝘯 𝘸𝘢𝘴 𝘴𝘪𝘵𝘵𝘪𝘯𝘨, 𝘵𝘩𝘦𝘯 𝘧𝘳𝘰𝘯𝘵𝘦𝘥 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘴𝘢𝘭𝘶𝘵𝘦𝘥. 𝘛𝘩𝘦 𝘤𝘩𝘢𝘱𝘭𝘢𝘪𝘯 𝘪𝘯 𝘤𝘩𝘢𝘳𝘨𝘦 𝘪𝘯𝘵𝘳𝘰𝘥𝘶𝘤𝘦𝘥 𝘚𝘦𝘳𝘨𝘦𝘢𝘯𝘵𝘴 𝘓𝘦𝘨𝘨𝘦 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘉𝘳𝘢𝘶𝘯, 𝘴𝘢𝘺𝘪𝘯𝘨, '𝘛𝘩𝘪𝘴 𝘪𝘴 𝘚𝘦𝘳𝘨𝘦𝘢𝘯𝘵 𝘓𝘦𝘨𝘨𝘦, 𝘰𝘧 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘈𝘶𝘴𝘵𝘳𝘢𝘭𝘪𝘢𝘯 '𝘏𝘰𝘳𝘴𝘦, 𝘰𝘯𝘦 𝘰𝘧 𝘴𝘪𝘹 𝘣𝘳𝘰𝘵𝘩𝘦𝘳𝘴 𝘢𝘵 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘧𝘳𝘰𝘯𝘵; 𝘵𝘩𝘪𝘴 𝘪𝘴 𝘚𝘦𝘳𝘨𝘦𝘢𝘯𝘵 𝘉𝘳𝘢𝘶𝘯, 𝘰𝘧 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘕𝘦𝘸 𝘚𝘰𝘶𝘵𝘩 𝘞𝘢𝘭𝘦𝘴 𝘔𝘰𝘶𝘯𝘵𝘦𝘥 𝘙𝘪𝘧𝘭𝘦𝘴; 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘰𝘵𝘩𝘦𝘳𝘴 𝘢𝘳𝘦 𝘢𝘭𝘭 𝘧𝘳𝘰𝘮 𝘕𝘦𝘸 𝘚𝘰𝘶𝘵𝘩 𝘞𝘢𝘭𝘦𝘴.' 𝘞𝘦 𝘢𝘨𝘢𝘪𝘯 𝘴𝘢𝘭𝘶𝘵𝘦𝘥. 𝘛𝘩𝘦𝘯 𝘤𝘢𝘮𝘦 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘤𝘰𝘮𝘮𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘧𝘳𝘰𝘮 𝘔𝘢𝘫𝘰𝘳 𝘚𝘺𝘯𝘨𝘦, 𝘏𝘪𝘨𝘩𝘭𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘓𝘪𝘨𝘩𝘵 𝘐𝘯𝘧𝘢𝘯𝘵𝘳𝘺, '𝘙𝘪𝘨𝘩𝘵 .𝘵𝘶𝘳𝘯; 𝘲𝘶𝘪𝘤𝘬 𝘮𝘢𝘳𝘤𝘩,' 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘢𝘸𝘢𝘺 𝘸𝘦 𝘸𝘦𝘯𝘵 𝘵𝘰 𝘮𝘢𝘬𝘦 𝘳𝘰𝘰𝘮 𝘧𝘰𝘳 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘝𝘪𝘤𝘴. 𝘈𝘧𝘵𝘦𝘳 𝘢𝘭𝘭 𝘩𝘢𝘥 𝘣𝘦𝘦𝘯 𝘣𝘺 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘘𝘶𝘦𝘦𝘯, 𝘩𝘦𝘳 𝘔𝘢𝘫𝘦𝘴𝘵𝘺 𝘢𝘥𝘥𝘳𝘦𝘴𝘴𝘦𝘥 𝘵𝘩𝘦𝘮 𝘪𝘯 𝘢 𝘷𝘦𝘳𝘺 𝘤𝘭𝘦𝘢𝘳 𝘷𝘰𝘪𝘤𝘦, 𝘴𝘢𝘺𝘪𝘯𝘨. '𝘍𝘳𝘰𝘮 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘣𝘰𝘵𝘵𝘰𝘮 𝘰𝘧 𝘮𝘺 𝘩𝘦𝘢𝘳𝘵 𝘐 𝘵𝘩𝘢𝘯𝘬 𝘺𝘰𝘶 𝘧𝘰𝘳 𝘺𝘰𝘶𝘳 𝘭𝘰𝘺𝘢𝘭𝘵𝘺 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘥𝘦𝘷𝘰𝘵𝘪𝘰𝘯 𝘵𝘰 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘌𝘮𝘱𝘪𝘳𝘦, 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘸𝘪𝘴𝘩 𝘺𝘰𝘶 𝘢𝘭𝘭 𝘎𝘰𝘥 𝘴𝘱𝘦𝘦𝘥 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘢 𝘴𝘢𝘧𝘦 𝘳𝘦𝘵𝘶𝘳𝘯 𝘵𝘰 𝘺𝘰𝘶𝘳 𝘩𝘰𝘮𝘦𝘴.' 𝘚𝘰𝘮𝘦 𝘰𝘧 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘱𝘢𝘱𝘦𝘳𝘴, 𝘚𝘦𝘳𝘨𝘦𝘢𝘯𝘵 𝘉𝘳𝘢𝘶𝘯 𝘴𝘢𝘺𝘴, 𝘨𝘪𝘷𝘦 𝘩𝘦𝘳 𝘔𝘢𝘫𝘦𝘴𝘵𝘺’𝘴 𝘸𝘰𝘳𝘥𝘴 𝘥𝘪𝘧𝘧𝘦𝘳𝘦𝘯𝘵, 𝘣𝘶𝘵 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘢𝘣𝘰𝘷𝘦 𝘪𝘴 𝘢𝘴 𝘩𝘦 𝘩𝘦𝘢𝘳𝘥 𝘵𝘩𝘦𝘮. 𝘐𝘯 𝘤𝘰𝘯𝘤𝘭𝘶𝘴𝘪𝘰𝘯, 𝘚𝘦𝘳𝘨𝘦𝘢𝘯𝘵 𝘉𝘳𝘢𝘶𝘯 𝘴𝘢𝘺𝘴: '𝘊𝘩𝘦𝘦𝘳𝘴 𝘸𝘦𝘳𝘦 𝘨𝘪𝘷𝘦𝘯 𝘧𝘰𝘳 𝘩𝘦𝘳 𝘔𝘢𝘫𝘦𝘴𝘵𝘺, 𝘵𝘰 𝘸𝘩𝘪𝘤𝘩 𝘸𝘦 𝘢𝘥𝘥𝘦𝘥 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘤𝘰𝘭𝘰𝘯𝘪𝘢𝘭 𝘤𝘩𝘦𝘦𝘳. 𝘛𝘩𝘦 𝘈𝘶𝘴𝘵𝘳𝘢𝘭𝘪𝘢𝘯𝘴 𝘮𝘢𝘥𝘦 𝘢 𝘤𝘰𝘰-𝘦𝘦 𝘰𝘧 𝘪𝘵, 𝘣𝘶𝘵 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘊𝘢𝘯𝘢𝘥𝘪𝘢𝘯𝘴 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘚𝘰𝘶𝘵𝘩 𝘈𝘧𝘳𝘪𝘤𝘢𝘯𝘴 𝘮𝘢𝘥𝘦 𝘪𝘵 𝘪𝘯𝘵𝘰 𝘢 𝘴𝘰𝘳𝘵 𝘰𝘧 𝘢 𝘺𝘦𝘭𝘭. 𝘐 𝘩𝘢𝘳𝘥𝘭𝘺 𝘵𝘩𝘪𝘯𝘬 𝘴𝘶𝘤𝘩 𝘢 𝘳𝘰𝘸 𝘩𝘢𝘥 𝘣𝘦𝘦𝘯 𝘩𝘦𝘢𝘳𝘥 𝘪𝘯 𝘵𝘩𝘢𝘵 𝘩𝘢𝘭𝘭 𝘣𝘦𝘧𝘰𝘳𝘦. 𝘈𝘭𝘭 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘤𝘰𝘶𝘳𝘵 𝘱𝘦𝘰𝘱𝘭𝘦 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘳𝘦𝘱𝘰𝘳𝘵𝘦𝘳𝘴 𝘸𝘦𝘯𝘵 𝘪𝘯𝘵𝘰 𝘴𝘮𝘪𝘭𝘦𝘴. 𝘛𝘩𝘦 𝘘𝘶𝘦𝘦𝘯 𝘭𝘰𝘰𝘬𝘴 𝘳𝘦𝘮𝘢𝘳𝘬𝘢𝘣𝘭𝘺 𝘸𝘦𝘭𝘭, 𝘣𝘶𝘵 𝘸𝘩𝘢𝘵 𝘴𝘶𝘳𝘱𝘳𝘪𝘴𝘦𝘥 𝘶𝘴 𝘢𝘭𝘭 𝘸𝘢𝘴 𝘵𝘰 𝘩𝘦𝘢𝘳 𝘩𝘦𝘳 𝘴𝘱𝘦𝘢𝘬 𝘴𝘰 𝘤𝘭𝘦𝘢𝘳𝘭𝘺”⁣
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Charlie spent five/six months in England, during which time his Regiment had returned to Australia, travelling via Fremantle and arriving at Sydney on 19 April⁣
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Placed on the supernumerary list, Charlie returned to South Africa and was subsequently granted a commission, being appointed Honorary Lieutenant with the Third New South Wales Mounted Rifles on 30 March 1901⁣
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𝐁𝐨𝐞𝐫 𝐖𝐚𝐫 𝐒𝐞𝐫𝐯𝐢𝐜𝐞: 𝐓𝐡𝐢𝐫𝐝 𝐍𝐒𝐖 𝐌𝐨𝐮𝐧𝐭𝐞𝐝 𝐑𝐢𝐟𝐥𝐞𝐬 - The Regiment had travelled to South Africa in three groups: B and D Squadrons were the first to leave Australia, sailing from Sydney on 15 March, on board the transport Maplemore; A, C, and E Squadrons, and the Regimental staff, followed six days later on the British Princess. The Machine-Gun Section also left on 21 March, travelling on the transport Ranee. B and D Squadrons disembarked at Port Elizabeth on 12 April, while the rest of the Regiment disembarked at Durban on 17 and 23 April. Another draft was also sent from Australia to reinforce the Regiment. These men (likely including Charlie) travelled on board the Antillian, leaving Sydney on 5 April and arriving at Durban on 12 May⁣
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From 2 May 1901 to 28 April 1902 the Regiment served in the eastern Transvaal and in eastern Orange Free, attached to Colonel Remington’s column. In early 1902 it took part in several drives, the principal one being the Harrismith drive, which resulted in the capture of 251 prisoners, 26,000 cattle, and 2,000 horses. In February 1902 the Regiment was in action during the Boer breakthrough at Langverwacht⁣
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On conclusion of the war in South Africa, the Regiment returned Australia in May, however Charlie elected to stay and subsequently received a commission in the South African Constabulary⁣
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𝐒𝐨𝐮𝐭𝐡 𝐀𝐟𝐫𝐢𝐜𝐚𝐧 𝐂𝐨𝐧𝐬𝐭𝐚𝐛𝐮𝐥𝐚𝐫𝐲 𝐒𝐞𝐫𝐯𝐢𝐜𝐞 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐌𝐞𝐦𝐨𝐫𝐲 𝐋𝐨𝐬𝐬 - Charlie remained in the SAC for the next few years until, in late 1904 / early 1905, he suffered a severe attack of enteric fever which left him in a weak state with his memory seriously impaired - it was said he could only remember the events of the last 9 months and his life beyond that was blank⁣
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Charlies’ father Ben travelled over to Africa to collect his son, and the pair subsequently travelled about the countryside a great deal, in hopes of restoring Charlie to good health⁣
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𝐑𝐞𝐭𝐮𝐫𝐧 𝐭𝐨 𝐀𝐮𝐬𝐭𝐫𝐚𝐥𝐢𝐚 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐒𝐮𝐛𝐬𝐞𝐪𝐮𝐞𝐧𝐭 𝐃𝐢𝐬𝐚𝐩𝐩𝐞𝐚𝐫𝐚𝐧𝐜𝐞 - The pair later embarked for return to Australia on board SS Euryalus. While en route to Sydney from Durban, the ship called in at Port Melbourne at 8pm on 1 March and berthed at the Railway Pier⁣
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His father disembarked to head into the city leaving Charlie on board after he declined to leave the ship. About an hour later, Charlie was reported to have disembarked and was seen walking along the pier towards Port Melbourne but was not seen again - at the time of his disappearance, Charlie was disrobed as being 30 years of age, about 5ft 9in height, with dark hair a moustache and beard⁣
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Subsequently some of his clothing was found on the Port Melbourne beach, and it was initially feared that despite being a strong swimmer, he may have drowned while bathing. Further inspection revealed that a pair of boots, a new Chesterfield overcoat, £3 in money, a pair of gold sleeve-links and a diamond nug, belonging to Charlie, had disappeared with him, leaving authorities to believe he likely wandered off to some remote part of the city or country, and with the money known to have been in his possession, furnished himself with fresh clothing⁣
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Charlie Found Not Drowned, But His Memory Blank - His father had not gone on to Sydney with the steamer and remained in Melbourne to continue the search. On the morning of Tuesday 14 March, 13 days after going missing, Arthur Tarkover - a friend of the Braun family - noticed the missing Charlie gazing into a chemist’s shop window in Bourke St. Tarkover sang out “Hullo, Charlie! How are you” but Braun declared his name was not Charlie and even denied having ever been in South Africa⁣
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Though the recognition was made difficult by the fact that Charlie was now clean shaven and dressed in a bad fitting “shop made” suit a slouch hat and a celluloid collar, Tarkover was sure, and persuaded him to come round to the Federal Coffee Palace where his father was staying, but the latter was unfortunately out. Charlie refused to accompany Tarkover home and persisted in the statement that his name was not Braun, then finally got away⁣
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He was later found at the Metropol Salvation Army then followed to a cafe where, with the assistance of the police was induced to go to meet his father. It was determined he was suffering from severe memory loss and can now only remember events of three days’ duration. His memory is a complete blank so far as the Euryalus, or what transpired immediately after leaving it - he did not even recognise his mother’s photo. When found he was minus his new coat and watch, and had evidently lived on the proceeds of pawning his personal property - he also stated he was afraid his people would lock him up in some asylum⁣
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Following this, it was reported that Charlie was confined to bis bed suffering from exhaustion. His recollection of the past three weeks, and of his past life generally, is an almost total blank - the effects of typhoid fever contracted during the Boer war⁣
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𝐂𝐢𝐯𝐢𝐥𝐢𝐚𝐧 𝐋𝐢𝐟𝐞 𝐁𝐞𝐟𝐨𝐫𝐞 𝐖𝐖𝟏 - Following the Boer War and events surrounding his memory loss and disappearance in 1905, Charlie, sometime between 1905 and 1907, emigrated to Argentina where he became Chief Reporter of The B.A. Standard in Buenos Aires⁣
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𝐖𝐨𝐫𝐥𝐝 𝐖𝐚𝐫 𝐎𝐧𝐞 𝐒𝐞𝐫𝐯𝐢𝐜𝐞 𝐀𝐧𝐝 𝐃𝐞𝐚𝐭𝐡 𝐎𝐧 𝐀𝐜𝐭𝐢𝐯𝐞 𝐒𝐞𝐫𝐯𝐢𝐜𝐞 - Upon the outbreak of WW1, Charlie decide he would again enlist his service to the war effort and left Argentina on 15 October 1914 bound for England where he joined the British Army⁣
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By 19 October he had been allocated as Temp/Lieutenant with the 10th (Reserve) Battalion of the Royal Sussex Regiment, which had been formed in September 1914 as part of the K3 (Third New Army) and was initially assigned to the 73rd Brigade within the 24th Division⁣
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He was transferred to the 9th Battalion, Royal Sussex Regiment, 73rd Bde 24th Div and landed in France with them on 1 September 1915, later being promoted to Captain on 28 January 1916⁣
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Sometime between 1916 and 1917 he was transferred to the Essex Regiment’s, 2nd (Garrison) Battalion and served as Adjutant with them in India⁣
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Sadly, on 19 June 1917, Charlie’s heart gave out and he died of “heart failure” at the age of 43 in Nasirabad, Ajmer District, India⁣
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He was laid to rest in the Nasirabad Government Cemetery and is listed on various monuments including the St John the Baptist Anglican Cathedral in Buenos Aires, the Kirkee 1914-1918 Memorial and the West London Synagogue Memorial.